Forked Planar Antenna Layout for Body-Worn Efficiency Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wearable smart thermometers attached to the human body suffer from significant antenna efficiency loss and interference due to the human body, affecting wireless transmission and sensing distance, especially in devices with limited size constraints.
Innovation Solution
The antenna module features a planar design with side-by-side forked radiators and connecting parts on the same plane, where the path length from the feeding end to each forked radiator is ¼ wavelength of the frequency band, minimizing interference and maintaining broadband performance even when close to the human body.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the antenna is attached to the human body through a patch, then the device can be worn on the skin, but the antenna efficiency is absorbed and interfered by the human body causing large loss
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is divided into multiple forked radiators (first forked radiators and second forked radiators) with parallel sections, creating multiple independent radiation paths. This segmentation allows the antenna to maintain efficiency by distributing the radiation across multiple elements rather than a single patch, reducing the impact of body absorption on overall performance
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna transitions from a conventional planar patch design to a three-dimensional forked structure with radiators extending in multiple directions and parallel sections. This dimensional change creates spatial separation between radiation elements, allowing the antenna to radiate effectively despite proximity to the human body, thereby maintaining efficiency while preserving wearability
2Reliability
If the antenna coverage is increased to extend sensing distance, then the overall size of the device increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna employs multiple forked radiators with multiple parallel sections each, creating numerous radiation paths within a compact footprint. This segmentation enables the antenna to achieve extended sensing distance through enhanced radiation coverage without requiring a larger overall device size, as the multiple elements work together to expand the effective coverage area
Solution Approach 2:
The forked radiators are arranged with parallel sections that are closely spaced and nested within a compact planar structure. The first and second forked radiators are positioned adjacent to each other, creating a nested configuration that maximizes radiation coverage while minimizing the overall area occupied by the antenna, thus extending sensing distance without increasing device size
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple forked radiators are arranged side by side on the same plane, then broadband performance is achieved in limited space, but the structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The first forked radiators and second forked radiators are merged into a single planar structure with multiple parallel sections arranged side by side. This merging of multiple radiator elements into one integrated planar design achieves broadband performance through the combined radiation of all parallel sections while avoiding the complexity of multi-layer or three-dimensional configurations, thus maintaining structural simplicity despite the multiple elements
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances antenna performance by reducing interference and maintaining efficiency in limited spaces, achieving improved frequency coverage and impedance matching, with antenna efficiency increased by more than 15 dB compared to conventional antennas.
Implementation Method 1
The antenna module resonates at a frequency band, and a path length from the feeding end to an end of each of the first forked radiators through the corresponding connecting part is 1/4 wavelength of the frequency band
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna module includes a feeding end, multiple first forked radiators, and multiple connecting parts. The first forked radiators are disposed side by side. The connecting parts respectively extend from the feeding end to the first forked radiators. The feeding end, the first forked radiators, and the connecting parts are located on a same plane. The antenna module resonates at a frequency band, and a path length from the feeding end to an end of each of the forked radiators through the corresponding connecting part is ¼ wavelength of the frequency band.