Forklift Echo Timing for Detecting Objects Behind Transparent Barriers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for object detection in industrial trucks, such as template matching using 3D cameras, fail when objects are obscured by partially transparent obstacles, leading to incorrect recognition of pallets and free spaces.

Innovation Solution

The method involves emitting detection signals and evaluating signal echoes based on their solid angle and reception time, prioritizing the last arriving echo to distinguish objects from partially transparent obstacles, allowing for reliable recognition and control of industrial trucks.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If template matching using 3D cameras is used for object detection, then object recognition can be performed, but recognition fails when objects are obscured by partially transparent obstacles such as films or segment curtains

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveobject recognition reliabilityVSAvoiddetection capability under various conditions
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the detected scene into multiple depth layers by analyzing time-of-flight data. Objects at different distances from the sensor are separated into distinct depth ranges, allowing the system to identify and prioritize the closest objects (such as pallets) while filtering out background elements. This segmentation enables reliable detection even when partially transparent obstacles are present, as the system can distinguish between objects at different depths rather than treating them as a single merged image.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from 2D image-based template matching to 3D spatial analysis using time-of-flight measurement. By adding the time dimension (distance measurement) to the traditional 2D camera data, the system creates a point cloud representation that includes depth information. This dimensional enhancement allows the system to detect objects behind partially transparent films by measuring their actual distance from the sensor, overcoming the limitations of 2D visual occlusion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If LIDAR systems send out laser pulses and evaluate echoes to detect obstacles hidden by fog or smoke, then obstacle detection in adverse conditions improves, but the system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveobstacle detection reliabilityVSAvoiddetection system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent integrates multiple detection functions into a single sensor unit that combines 3D camera capabilities with time-of-flight measurement. This multi-functional sensor can perform both visual template matching and depth-based object detection simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate LIDAR hardware while achieving similar penetration capabilities through partially transparent obstacles. The unified sensor reduces system complexity compared to using dedicated LIDAR systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses the existing 3D camera infrastructure already present in industrial trucks for automated picking operations. Instead of introducing new LIDAR hardware, the system repurposes the time-of-flight measurement capability of the existing camera sensor to create depth information. This approach copies the successful deployment model of 3D cameras while extending their functionality to handle partially transparent obstacles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the industrial truck to reliably detect objects behind partially transparent films and segment curtains, improving object recognition accuracy and enabling safe navigation and pallet pickup.

Implementation Method 1

Emitting a detection signal by means of a transmitting device of the industrial truck, detecting the detection signal reflected from objects in the environment as a signal echo by means of a receiving device of the industrial truck

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 2

assigning a solid angle and a reception time to each of the signal echoes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime of flight: Time of Flight

Data Source

PatentEP4001961A1Method for detecting objects in a warehouse by means of an industrial truck and an industrial truck
Publication Date: 2022.05.25 JUNGHEINRICH AG
  • EP4001961A1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP4001961A1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP4001961A1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3b

AI summary

The inventive method for detecting objects in a warehouse using a forklift truck comprises the following steps: transmitting a detection signal by means of a transmitter of the forklift truck, capturing the detection signal reflected by objects in the environment as a signal echo by means of a receiver of the forklift truck, assigning a solid angle and a time of reception to each of the signal echoes, checking whether the same solid angle has been assigned to several of the signal echoes if several signal echoes have been assigned to one solid angle, evaluating the signal echo that last arrived in the receiver according to the time of reception for this solid angle for the detection of the object, and detecting the object based on the signal echoes.