Formic Acid Antimicrobial Composition for Salmonella Control in Animal By-Products

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Solution Overview

Problem

There is an urgent need for innovative, effective, environmentally safe, and cost-effective formaldehyde-free processes to control Salmonella contamination in animal by-products used in animal feed, as formaldehyde, previously used for this purpose, has adverse side-effects and is banned in some regions.

Innovation Solution

A method involving an antimicrobial composition comprising 15 to 60 weight percent CH3CHR1COOH and 30 to 80 weight percent formic acid is used to inhibit Salmonella growth in animal by-product compositions, which can include additional components like fatty acids and terpenes to enhance efficacy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If formaldehyde is used to control Salmonella contamination in animal by-products, then Salmonella control effectiveness is improved, but harmful side-effects (carcinogenicity, corrosiveness, volatility) increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveSalmonella control effectivenessVSAvoidcarcinogenicity, corrosiveness, volatility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes formaldehyde from the antimicrobial composition and replaces it with formic acid and short-chain organic acids. This extraction of the harmful substance while retaining the essential antimicrobial function resolves the contradiction between effective Salmonella control and harmful side-effects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by substituting formaldehyde with formic acid (30-80 wt%) and short-chain organic acids (15-60 wt%). This parameter change maintains antimicrobial efficacy while eliminating the harmful properties of formaldehyde.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If formaldehyde is used as a feed additive to control Salmonella, then Salmonella contamination is reduced, but regulatory compliance deteriorates (banned in European Union as of 2018)

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveSalmonella contamination controlVSAvoidregulatory compliance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts formaldehyde from the formulation and replaces it with alternative antimicrobial agents (formic acid and short-chain organic acids) that are compliant with European Union regulations. This substitution maintains Salmonella control effectiveness while ensuring regulatory compliance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the chemical composition to use formic acid and short-chain organic acids instead of formaldehyde, aligning the formulation with current regulatory requirements. This parameter change enables the product to comply with EU regulations while maintaining antimicrobial efficacy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If formaldehyde is used in open systems for Salmonella control, then antimicrobial activity is maintained, but worker safety deteriorates due to evaporation and overexposure risk

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantimicrobial activityVSAvoidevaporation and worker overexposure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes formaldehyde, which is responsible for evaporation and worker exposure risks, and replaces it with formic acid and short-chain organic acids that do not share these harmful volatility characteristics. This extraction eliminates the safety hazard while preserving antimicrobial activity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the volatile chemical profile by substituting formaldehyde with non-volatile or less-volatile alternatives (formic acid and short-chain organic acids). This parameter change reduces evaporation and worker exposure risks while maintaining the necessary antimicrobial function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method effectively inhibits Salmonella development in animal by-products without the use of formaldehyde, providing a safe and cost-effective solution for controlling contamination in animal feed.

Implementation Method 1

Blends of short-chain organic acids (e.g., formic acid and propionic acid) and formaldehyde have been used to chemically control Salmonella contamination in animal feed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAntimicrobial action:

Implementation Method 2

formaldehyde displays strong antiseptic activity against most bacteria through irreversible protein cross-linking

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectProtein cross-linking: Chemical Bonding

Data Source

PatentUS20240215608A1Methods of using formaldehyde-free antimicrobial compositions in animal by-product compositions
Publication Date: 2024.07.04 EASTMAN CHEM CO

AI summary

Formaldehyde is a common component of antimicrobial compositions for preserving animal feeds. However, the use of formaldehyde is coming under pressure and alternative antimicrobial compositions are needed. The present application discloses methods and/or uses of a formaldehyde-free antimicrobial composition comprising formic acid and propionic acid in the making of rendered animal protein compositions or in the inhibiting of the development of Salmonella bacteria in animal by-product compositions (e.g., rendered animal proteins) while maintaining higher protein digestibility comparing with formaldehyde.