Formula 1 Dispersant for Uniform Particulate Solid Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing formulations for inks, paints, and plastics face challenges in uniformly dispersing particulate solids in both polar and non-polar organic media, as current dispersants are not effective across a wide range of organic mediums.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising a particulate solid, an organic medium, and a compound of specific formula (1) and its salts, where the compound includes a hydrocarbyl chain, alkyleneoxy units, a dibasic acid or anhydride residue, and a polyamine or polyimine, which effectively disperses the particulate solid in various organic media, including water.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional dispersants are used, then dispersion in non-polar organic media may be achieved, but dispersion in polar organic media and water is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The dispersant molecule is designed with distinct functional regions: a polar head group (carboxylic acid, amine, or amide) for interacting with polar media and water, and a non-polar hydrocarbyl tail for interacting with non-polar organic media. This local differentiation of molecular properties enables the single dispersant to effectively stabilize particles in both polar and non-polar environments simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The dispersant comprises a composite molecular structure combining different chemical functionalities (hydrocarbyl group, polar group, and optional polyether chain) into a single agent. This molecular composite allows the dispersant to exhibit dual compatibility with both polar and non-polar media, resolving the contradiction between adaptability and uniformity across different organic media types.
2Reliability
If a single dispersant is designed for polar media, then dispersion in water and polar solvents improves, but dispersion in non-polar organic media deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The dispersant molecule is designed with distinct functional regions: a polar head group (carboxylic acid, amine, or amide) for interacting with polar media and water, and a non-polar hydrocarbyl tail for interacting with non-polar organic media. This local differentiation of molecular properties enables the single dispersant to effectively stabilize particles in both polar and non-polar environments simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The dispersant is designed as a universal agent that can function effectively across the entire spectrum of organic media (polar and non-polar) as well as water. The molecular structure combines polar and non-polar characteristics, allowing a single compound to perform the dispersion function in diverse media types without requiring separate dispersants for different applications.
3Reliability
If existing dispersants are used, then some level of dispersion is achieved, but uniform distribution and stability in formulations are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The dispersant structure incorporates adjustable parameters including the length and branching of the hydrocarbyl chain (C1-50), the type of polar group (carboxylic acid, amine, or amide), and the presence of polyether chains with varying x values (0-60). By optimizing these structural parameters, the dispersant achieves enhanced uniformity of particulate distribution and improved formulation stability compared to conventional dispersants.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition achieves excellent dispersion of particulate solids in a range of organic media, including polar and non-polar solvents, enhancing the uniformity and stability of formulations such as inks, paints, and plastics.
Implementation Method 1
a compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof... which effectively disperses the particulate solid in various organic media, including water
Implementation Method 2
achieves excellent dispersion of particulate solids in a range of organic media, including polar and non-polar solvents
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a composition containing a particulate solid, an organic medium and/or water and a compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof; wherein R is C1-50-optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; Y is C2-4-alkyleneoxy; T is C2-4 alkylene; A is the residue of a dibasic acid or anhydride thereof; Z is the residue of a polyamine and/or polyimine; W is the residue of an oxide, urea or dibasic acid or anhydride thereof; x is from 2 to 60; and v represents the maximum available number of amino and/or imino groups in Z which does not carry the group RO—(Y)x-T-NH-A-. The invention further discloses the composition as a dispersant for an organic media.