Formula I Ester Compounds for Warming Sensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a continuous need for novel compounds that effectively stimulate the trigeminal system to induce a warming sensation on the skin or mucous membranes, such as those in the nose or mouth, which existing compounds fail to provide adequately.
Innovation Solution
The development of specific compounds represented by Formula (I), which include various alkyl and alkenyl groups, alkoxy groups, hydroxyl groups, and phenyl groups, along with additional warming agents like vanillyl ethyl ether and capsaicin, to create warming compositions that can be used in flavor, fragrance, and topical compositions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If existing compounds are used to stimulate the trigeminal system, then some sensory effect is produced, but the warming sensation is insufficient or inadequate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by systematically modifying the chemical structure of ester compounds - specifically changing the R1 substituent groups (methyl, ethyl, propyl variations) and the X group configurations (various carbon chain lengths and branching patterns) to optimize the warming sensation intensity and characteristics, thereby resolving the insufficiency of existing compounds
2Temperature
If novel compounds are developed to provide stronger warming sensation, then the sensory effect is enhanced, but the complexity of compound development increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by making targeted modifications to specific positions in the ester compound structure - varying R1 at the aromatic ring position and X at the ester linkage position - to independently optimize different aspects of the warming sensation while maintaining the overall molecular framework, thus enhancing sensory effect without excessive complexity
3Adaptability or versatility
If specific ester compounds with various substituents are synthesized, then diverse warming effects are achieved, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing a core ester compound structure (Formula I) that serves as a versatile platform - by simply changing the R1 and X groups according to established patterns, multiple compounds with different warming characteristics can be produced using similar synthetic methodologies, thereby achieving diversity without proportionally increasing manufacturing complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These compounds provide a strong and immediate warming sensation when in contact with the skin or mucous membranes, enhancing the sensory experience in consumer products by modifying taste or odor properties and providing a desired warming effect.
Implementation Method 1
Trigeminal nerves, sensory nerves, and epithelial cells mediate chemesthetic, taste, and aroma sensations which can be caused by chemical activation of ion channels. TRPV (inducing a warming sensation)
Implementation Method 2
Trigeminal-stimulating compounds can induce a variety of different sensations by activation of these ion channels. Sensations induced include irritation, tickling, burning, stinging, tingling, warming, cooling, and/or astringency.
Data Source
AI summary
Novel compounds for use in flavor, fragrance, or topical compositions are provided. Specifically, the compounds of the presently disclosed subject matter provide effective and unexpected warming sensations. The composition can be incorporated into various consumer end products, including flavors, fragrances, and topical applications.