Fourier Transform Optical Detection for Assay Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current assays for detecting analytes in biological or chemical samples are prone to human error when read by eye and require expensive high-resolution imaging systems, which are not cost-effective for consistent and accurate results.
Innovation Solution
A Fourier transform optical detection system with a lens and detector array positioned in the Fourier transform plane, utilizing a sensitivity pattern with peak-intensity and low-intensity regions to enhance signal-to-noise ratio and detect analytes using a simpler, less expensive setup.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If high-resolution imaging systems are used to read assays, then measurement precision and reliability are improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection task by placing multiple discrete detectors at specific positions in the Fourier transform plane rather than using a single high-resolution imaging system. Each detector monitors a specific spatial frequency component, dividing the complex detection task into simpler, independent measurement points that collectively provide sufficient assay reading accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts only the essential information needed for assay detection by positioning detectors at specific high-contrast locations in the Fourier transform plane. Instead of capturing and analyzing the entire high-resolution image, the system extracts key signal components from strategically selected positions, reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision.
2Device complexity
If human eye observation is used to read assays, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision and reliability deteriorate due to human error
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service detection system where the assay pattern itself generates the detection signal through its Fourier transform properties. The periodic sensitivity pattern automatically produces high-contrast peaks in the Fourier transform plane that are inherently detectable by simple photodetectors, eliminating the need for complex image processing or human interpretation while ensuring consistent, error-free measurements.
3Measurement precision
If detailed determination of sensitive region shape is performed, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating a periodic sensitivity pattern with distinct high-contrast regions in the Fourier transform plane. Instead of requiring detailed analysis of the entire sensitive region shape, the system concentrates detection effort on specific local areas (discrete detector positions) where the Fourier transform produces characteristic high-contrast peaks that uniquely identify analyte presence.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides consistent and cost-effective detection of analytes by leveraging the intensity contrast in the Fourier transform pattern, allowing for accurate determination of analyte presence without the need for high-resolution imaging, thus reducing human error and equipment costs.
Implementation Method 1
A Fourier transform optical detection system includes a lens having a Fourier transform plane
Data Source
AI summary
A Fourier transform optical detection system for use with a test assay that has a sensitivity pattern, the detection system including a lens having a Fourier transform plane and detectors located in the Fourier transform plane positioned in an arrangement of a Fourier transform pattern of the sensitivity pattern.