FPCB Battery Pack Thermal Runaway Detection With Low Discharge
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems in electric vehicles lack effective early fire detection mechanisms, leading to rapid fire spread and difficulty in extinguishing fires, and continuous operation for detection results in unnecessary battery discharge.
Innovation Solution
A battery system incorporating a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) with specific wiring patterns and a battery management system (BMS) using logic gates to detect thermal runaway in battery packs, allowing for early fire detection without continuous power consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a battery system operates continuously or periodically to detect fire, then fire detection capability is improved, but battery discharge increases unnecessarily
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic monitoring of battery temperature through the FPCB wiring pattern, where the second wiring passes through upper portions of battery cells to detect temperature changes. The BMS performs detection at intervals rather than continuously, reducing energy consumption while maintaining fire detection capability. This is achieved by configuring the BMS to monitor temperature parameters periodically and trigger alerts only when abnormal temperature rise is detected.
2Measurement precision
If complex electronic control systems are used for fire detection, then detection accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the temperature detection function from complex electronic control systems and integrates it directly into the FPCB structure. The second wiring of the FPCB passes through upper portions of battery cells to sense temperature changes, eliminating the need for separate temperature sensors and complex control circuits. The BMS uses simple voltage detection through this wiring pattern to monitor battery temperature, significantly reducing system complexity while maintaining detection accuracy.
3Reliability
If early fire detection is implemented, then passenger safety is improved, but system cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the FPCB serve multiple functions: it provides electrical connection between battery cells through the first wiring and simultaneously performs temperature detection through the second wiring that passes through upper portions of battery cells. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for separate temperature sensing components, reducing system cost while enabling early fire detection to improve passenger safety.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery system may include a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells, a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) located on an upper surface of the battery pack and including a first wiring connected to a terminal of the battery pack and a second wiring arranged along a path passing through upper portions of each of the plurality of battery cells, and a battery management system (BMS) including a logic gate that is driven by a first voltage provided from the battery pack through the first wiring and generates an output according to a second voltage provided through the second wiring. Further, the BMS may be configured to determine whether the battery pack is abnormal according to the output of the logic gate.