FPGA-Selected Multi-Channel ADCs for Diverse RF Signal Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Spectrum analyzers face challenges in accurately analyzing multiple input signals with different frequencies and bandwidths due to suboptimal performance of single multi-channel ADCs, leading to inefficiencies in RF signal testing and analysis.
Innovation Solution
A multi-channel ADC subsystem managed by an FPGA selects suitable ADCs based on signal characteristics such as frequency, bandwidth, and type, and adjusts the ADC sample clock for optimal performance, enabling simultaneous processing of diverse RF signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single multi-channel ADC is used to convert multiple input signals with different frequencies and bandwidths, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates due to suboptimal performance for diverse signal characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the ADC subsystem into multiple independent ADC channels, each capable of being independently selected and configured. Instead of using a single multi-channel ADC for all signals, the system segments the conversion function across multiple dedicated ADCs (e.g., ADC1, ADC2, ADC3) that can be individually optimized for different signal types, frequencies, and bandwidths.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic selection of ADCs based on real-time signal characteristics. The system automatically determines which ADC to use for each input signal based on parameters such as frequency range, bandwidth, and signal type, allowing the ADC subsystem to adapt its configuration dynamically rather than using a fixed single-ADC approach.
2Measurement precision
If ADCs are selected and configured manually for each signal type, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to time-consuming configuration processes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements an automatic ADC selection mechanism that enables the system to self-configure based on signal characteristics. The processor automatically determines the appropriate ADC for each input signal by analyzing parameters such as frequency and bandwidth, eliminating the need for manual configuration by technicians while maintaining optimal measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates feedback mechanisms where the processor continuously monitors signal characteristics and automatically adjusts ADC selection and configuration accordingly. This closed-loop approach ensures that the optimal ADC is selected for each signal type without manual intervention, improving both precision and productivity.
3Device complexity
If a fixed ADC configuration is used for all signals, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability deteriorates for dynamically assigned channels with different frequencies and bandwidths
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal ADC subsystem where multiple ADCs with different characteristics can handle various signal types. Each ADC is designed with specific capabilities (e.g., different frequency ranges, bandwidths, resolution), and the system can universally process any input signal by selecting the appropriate ADC, making the subsystem adaptable to diverse communication standards including 4G LTE, 5G NR, and CBRS.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables dynamic changes in ADC operating parameters such as sampling rate, resolution, and frequency range based on the input signal characteristics. The system adjusts these parameters automatically to match the requirements of different signal types and bandwidths, providing high adaptability without requiring complex reconfiguration of the overall device architecture.
Data Source
AI summary
A multi-channel analog-digital converter (ADC) subsystem for test device such as a spectrum analyzer may include multiple multi-channel ADCs to receive down-converted signals and convert the received signals to digital output signals, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) to select one or more ADCs based on a frequency, a bandwidth, and/or a signal type of each received signal and a characteristic of each ADC, and an ADC sample clock to provide a clock signal to the selected ADCs. Characteristics of the ADCs may include a resolution, a signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SINAD), an effective number of bits (ENOB), a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a total harmonic distortion (THD), a total harmonic distortion plus noise (THD+N), and/or a spurious free dynamic range (SFDR).