Fraction Oil Pretreatment Using Weak Base Neutralization
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing caustic wash, electrofining, and deacidification process for Fischer-Tropsch light fraction oil in alkylbenzene production faces issues such as high alkali consumption, environmental pollution, high energy consumption due to high-voltage electric fields, and low product yield, along with challenges in demulsifier recovery and emulsification.
Innovation Solution
A pretreatment method involving a weak base solution and inorganic salt solution for neutralization, followed by extraction using a high-boiling-point polar solvent and adsorption with molecular sieves, which eliminates the need for high-voltage electric fields and facilitates efficient separation and recycling of components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If strong alkali sodium hydroxide is used for neutralization and deacidification, then the deacidification effect is improved, but alkali consumption increases and environmental pollution occurs due to waste liquid that is difficult to manage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter from strong alkali (sodium hydroxide) to weak base (ammonium hydroxide or organic amine), fundamentally altering the neutralization mechanism to reduce alkali consumption and eliminate the formation of difficult-to-manage waste liquids while maintaining effective deacidification
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a deacidification agent that can be easily decomposed or evaporated (such as ammonium hydroxide or organic amines with low boiling points), allowing the waste liquid to be readily treated and disposed of without complex management requirements, replacing the persistent and difficult-to-manage sodium hydroxide waste
2Reliability
If strong alkali sodium hydroxide is used for neutralization, then the deacidification effect is improved, but oil and water are easy to emulsify requiring large consumption of demulsifier and reducing product yield
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the base strength parameter from strong to weak, which fundamentally alters the emulsification behavior. Weak bases produce less severe emulsification effects, thereby reducing demulsifier consumption and improving product yield while still achieving effective deacidification
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a specifically designed deacidification agent that acts as an intermediary substance, performing multiple functions including neutralization, demulsification, and extraction in a coordinated manner, thereby reducing the need for separate demulsifier addition and improving overall process efficiency and product yield
3Productivity
If high-voltage electric field is used for sedimentation and separation, then the separation efficiency is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the high-voltage electric field (electrical/energy-intensive system) with a chemical-based separation mechanism using weak base neutralization and density-based phase separation, achieving effective sedimentation and separation without high energy consumption while maintaining separation efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables the system to perform separation automatically through natural density differences after chemical neutralization, without requiring external high-voltage energy input. The emulsion separates spontaneously into oil and water phases based on density, making the process self-sufficient and energy-efficient
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method reduces alkali consumption, minimizes environmental impact, enhances product yield, and achieves significant reduction of oxygen-containing compounds to less than 0.1 ppm, with lower energy consumption and easier operation compared to previous methods.
Implementation Method 1
sodium hydroxide reacts equimolarly with the petroleum acid in the fraction oil to produce sodium petroleum
Implementation Method 2
the demulsifier has the effect of demulsifying, eliminating emulsification and accelerating the phase separation of the oil agent
Implementation Method 3
extracting oxygen-containing compounds in the neutral fraction oil by using a high-boiling-point polar solvent
Implementation Method 4
an adsorbent is used to adsorb and separate the oxygen-containing compounds in the neutral fraction oil
Implementation Method 5
standing still for layering after the reaction is complete, and discharging generated emulsion phase and water phase
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a pretreatment method and system for a fraction oil for the production of alkylbenzene, the method comprising: adding a fraction oil, a weak base solution and an inorganic salt solution into a reactor, and leaving same to stand and layering same after the reaction is complete; adding water and an inorganic salt solution into an oil phase for washing with water; extracting same with a polar solvent having a high boiling point, and then adsorbing same with an adsorbent to separate oxygen-containing compounds in the neutral fraction oil; sending the extraction agent containing the oxygen-containing compounds to an extraction agent recovery unit; and then sending the neutral fraction oil to an alkylation reactor for a reaction.