Fractured Abrasive Shards via Controlled Drying

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Solution Overview

Problem

The challenge lies in producing smaller shaped abrasive particles without crushing, which results in a large distribution of particle sizes and significant waste, increasing manufacturing costs, while maintaining sharpness and cutting ability.

Innovation Solution

A method involving drying precursor abrasive particles in a mold to initiate fracturing, forming smaller abrasive shards with precise surfaces, which can be reassembled to reproduce the original shape, reducing fines and enhancing sharpness.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of moving object

If shaped abrasive particles are crushed to smaller particle sizes, then smaller abrasive particles can be produced, but a large distribution in particle sizes is generated resulting in waste and increased manufacturing cost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticle sizeVSAvoidparticle size distribution
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The precursor abrasive particle is segmented into multiple smaller shards through controlled fracturing during drying. The drying process causes internal stresses that naturally split the particle into 2-5 smaller pieces, each retaining the original shaped geometry. This segmentation approach produces a narrow particle size distribution without generating excessive fines, resolving the contradiction between reducing particle size and maintaining manufacturing precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Length of moving object

If molds having extremely small cavities are used to produce smaller shaped abrasive particles, then smaller particles can be made, but the molds are difficult to fill and particles are difficult to remove

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticle sizeVSAvoidmold filling and removal
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of reducing the mold cavity size to produce smaller particles, the invention uses the same mold cavity size but produces multiple smaller particles within it through controlled fracturing. The precursor particle fills the entire mold cavity, then fractures into smaller shards during drying. This dimensional approach maintains ease of mold filling and removal while achieving smaller particle sizes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Shape

If the abrasive dispersion is dried to form precursor particles, then shaped particles are produced, but the particles become difficult to remove from the mold and may generate excessive fines

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprecursor particle shapeVSAvoidfines generation
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The mold cavity design incorporates preliminary actions to facilitate particle removal before drying completes. The cavity geometry and surface properties are designed so that when the precursor particle forms, it can be easily released from the mold walls. This preliminary preparation prevents particle adhesion and reduces fines generation during removal, while still achieving the desired shaped particle formation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach produces abrasive shards with a smaller size distribution and improved sharpness, reducing waste and manufacturing costs, while maintaining the original shape's performance characteristics.

Implementation Method 1

removing at least a portion of the volatile component from the abrasive dispersion, while the abrasive dispersion resides in the plurality of cavities

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 2

The cracking or fracturing of the precursor abrasive particles is believed to occur by ensuring that the surface tension of the abrasive dispersion to the walls of the mold is greater than the internal attractive forces of the abrasive dispersion as the abrasive dispersion is dried within the mold cavity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface tension: Surface Tension

Data Source

PatentEP2242618B1Shaped, fractured abrasive particle, abrasive article using same and method of making
Publication Date: 2020.09.23 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES CO
  • EP2242618B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2242618B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP2242618B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Precursor alpha alumina abrasive particles in a mold are subjected to a drying process that cracks or fractures at least a majority of the precursor abrasive particles into at least two pieces thereby producing abrasive shards having a smaller size than the mold cavity from which they were made. The smaller abrasive shards, once formed, could be reassembled like jigsaw puzzle pieces to reproduce the original cavity shape of the mold from which they were made. The cracking or fracturing of the precursor abrasive particles is believed to occur by ensuring that the surface tension of the abrasive dispersion to the walls of the mold is greater than the internal attractive forces of the abrasive dispersion as the abrasive dispersion is dried within the mold cavity.