Compact Frame Antenna Layout for High Isolation in Electronic Devices
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing technologies fail to address the issue of electromagnetic interference between closely spaced antennas in electronic devices, leading to reduced transmission efficiency and potential damage to components like filters.
Innovation Solution
The electronic device incorporates a radiator design with branches and capacitors to enhance isolation between antennas, using a matching module to adjust impedance and excitation currents, thereby canceling induced currents and improving transmission efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple antennas are disposed in an electronic device with limited size, then the electronic device can implement different communication functions, but the distance between antennas becomes short causing mutual interference and poor isolation
Solution Approach 1:
The radiator of the first antenna is segmented into a first branch and a second branch, with the second branch positioned between the first branch and the second antenna. This segmentation allows the antenna structure to be optimized for both compactness and isolation performance.
Solution Approach 2:
A first capacitor is introduced as an intermediary component connected between the first branch and the second branch. This capacitor adjusts the current distribution on the radiator, creating an excitation current that opposes and cancels the induced current from the second antenna, thereby improving isolation.
2Volume of moving object
If antennas are placed close together to reduce device size, then device compactness is improved, but transmission efficiency is reduced due to electromagnetic interference
Solution Approach 1:
The induced current caused by the second antenna on the first antenna's radiator is converted from a harmful interference into a beneficial cancellation mechanism. By adjusting the current distribution through the capacitor, an excitation current is generated that opposes and neutralizes the harmful induced current, thereby eliminating energy loss while maintaining compact dimensions.
3Volume of moving object
If antennas are placed close together, then device size is reduced, but component reliability deteriorates due to potential damage from electromagnetic interference
Solution Approach 1:
The first capacitor serves as a protective intermediary that controls and balances the current distribution on the first antenna's radiator. By generating an opposing excitation current, it prevents excessive induced currents from damaging sensitive components, thereby enhancing system reliability while maintaining compact antenna spacing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design achieves improved isolation and transmission efficiency between antennas, extending the service life of components and enhancing overall communication performance.
Implementation Method 1
the feeding portion can excite, on the second branch, an excitation current with a direction opposite to a direction of the second induced current. The excitation current can be used to cancel the second induced current excited by the second antenna on the second branch
Implementation Method 2
The first capacitor can adjust impedance matching for the first antenna, so as to adjust a magnitude of the excitation current
Data Source
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AI summary
This application discloses an electronic device. The electronic device provided in this application includes a radiator of a first antenna and a radiator of a second antenna that are disposed on a frame of the electronic device, where the radiator of the first antenna includes a first branch and a second branch, and the second branch is disposed between the first branch and the radiator of the second antenna; a gap exists between the first branch and the second branch, and a gap exists between the second branch and the radiator of the second antenna; the electronic device further includes a first matching module, a first capacitor, and a feeding portion; and a first end of the first matching module is connected to the second branch, a second end of the first matching module is connected to the feeding portion, a first end of the first capacitor is connected to the first branch, and a second end of the first capacitor is connected between the first matching module and the feeding portion. The electronic device provided in this application implements high isolation between an antenna and another antenna located on a periphery of the antenna and high transmission efficiency of a plurality of antennas.