Frame Antenna Layout for Intra-Frequency Decoupling in MIMO
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge of implementing an antenna with high isolation in a compact space, particularly for intra-frequency decoupling between closely adjacent frame and support antennas, is exacerbated by the limited space within electronic devices, especially in the context of 5G mobile communications where multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is used, leading to increased channel bit error rates and reduced data rates.
Innovation Solution
The proposed antenna apparatus employs a frame branch and a second branch with specific geometric configurations, including a first distance less than or equal to one-tenth of the wavelength of the second radio wave, and symmetry axes to achieve intra-frequency decoupling, utilizing feeding circuits to generate orthogonal currents and adjust resonance frequencies and bandwidths, thereby enhancing performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple antennas are used for MIMO technology to improve data rate and channel reliability, then channel bit error rate is reduced and data rate is improved, but the quantity of antennas increases the space occupied by the antennas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the frame antenna and support antenna into a single integrated antenna apparatus where the frame branch and support branch share common structural elements and feeding circuits, allowing multiple antenna functions to be achieved in a compact space
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna apparatus is designed to support multiple operating modes (first through fourth modes) that can cover different frequency bands, allowing a single antenna structure to perform multiple functions and replace what would traditionally require separate antennas
2Area of stationary object
If the frame antenna and support antenna are closely adjacent to each other to save space, then space is optimized, but intra-frequency decoupling becomes difficult to achieve
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces asymmetric structures including the first branch extending from the first gap, the specific positioning of feeding circuits, and the configuration of symmetry axes that are deliberately offset, creating asymmetric current distributions that reduce coupling between the frame and support branches
Solution Approach 2:
The first branch acts as an intermediary element between the frame branch and support branch, providing a coupling path that enables decoupling through controlled current interaction, while the feeding circuits serve as intermediaries to generate orthogonal currents that reduce mutual interference
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves antenna performance by achieving effective intra-frequency decoupling and radiation symmetry, allowing for multiple frequency bands to be covered efficiently, thus enhancing channel reliability and data rates.
Implementation Method 1
a second feeding circuit, configured to transmit a second excitation signal to the second branch, to generate, on the second branch, a current that flows to a center of the second branch
Implementation Method 2
The antenna apparatus may radiate a first radio wave whose frequency is in a first frequency band and a second radio wave whose frequency is in a second frequency band
Data Source
Figure 1~3
Figure 4~5
Figure 6a
AI summary
This application relates to an antenna apparatus and an electronic device. The antenna apparatus includes a first branch, a frame branch, and a second branch. The frame branch is provided with a first gap, and the frame branch is divided into a first frame branch and a second frame branch by the first gap. The first branch and the second branch are each configured as an axisymmetric structure. A symmetry axis of the first branch coincides with a first center line of the first gap, a symmetry axis of the second branch is parallel to the first center line and is spaced from the first center line by a first distance, and the first center line is a center line that is of the first gap and that is perpendicular to a length direction of the frame branch. A first end that is of the first frame branch and that is away from at least the first gap is electrically connected to a reference ground, and a first end that is of the second frame branch and that is away from the first gap is electrically connected to the reference ground. According to the antenna apparatus and the electronic device provided in this application, intra-frequency decoupling between the second frame branch and the second branch is implemented.