Frame-Based Data Scrambling for Lower Bit Error in PONs

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Solution Overview

Problem

In passive optical networks, uneven distribution of bits 0 and bits 1 in data transmission leads to high bit error rates due to consecutive occurrences of these bits, which is not effectively addressed by existing technologies.

Innovation Solution

A data scrambling method that utilizes a preload pattern generated from a superframe counter value to evenly distribute bits 0 and 1, implemented by an optical line terminal (OLT) or optical network unit (ONU), followed by descrambling at the receiving end to restore the original data.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If data is transmitted without scrambling, then transmission simplicity is maintained, but bit error rate increases due to uneven distribution of bits 0 and 1

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebit error rateVSAvoidtransmission processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by generating a preload pattern before data transmission and using it to scramble the data in advance. The preload pattern is generated based on a superframe counter value, and the scrambling operation is performed before transmission to ensure even distribution of bits 0 and 1, thereby reducing bit error rate without adding complex real-time processing at the transmitter.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If conventional scrambling methods are used, then some bit distribution improvement is achieved, but consecutive bits 0 or 1 still occur frequently causing high error rates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebit error rateVSAvoiddata distortion
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by using the superframe counter value (which changes with each transmission frame) to generate a dynamic preload pattern. This ensures that the scrambling parameters change continuously, providing different scrambling sequences for different frames. The preload pattern is designed to have balanced numbers of 0s and 1s, and this pattern is combined with the superframe counter to create a scrambling sequence that evenly distributes bits 0 and 1 in the transmitted data, effectively reducing consecutive identical bits while maintaining data integrity through reversible descrambling at the receiver.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP4184825B1Data scrambling method, data descrambling method, and related device
Publication Date: 2026.03.25 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP4184825B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4184825B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP4184825B1 patent drawingFigure 6~8

AI summary

This application provides a data scrambling method, a data descrambling method, and a related device. The method in embodiments of this application includes: first, generating a raw data frame, where the raw data frame includes raw data and a PSB; next, generating a preload pattern of a scrambler based on a target bit, where the target bit is a part of bits in an SFC value corresponding to the raw data frame; and further, scrambling the raw data based on the preload pattern to obtain target data. In this application, the raw data is scrambled, so that bits 0 and bits 1 in the scrambled target data are more evenly distributed. This reduces a possibility that consecutive bits 0 or bits 1 appear in the target data, thereby reducing a bit error rate at a data receiving end.