Frame-Based Listen-Before-Talk for FMCW Radar Interference Filtering

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing radar systems face challenges in distinguishing interference from real targets due to indistinguishable beat frequencies, leading to unnecessary processing and resource consumption, especially in environments with multiple FMCW radar devices.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a frame-based listen before talk (LBT) procedure with synchronized time frames to strategically schedule LBT operations, ensuring interference is filtered out and reducing the number of LBT procedures, thereby optimizing resource usage and detection accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional LBT procedures are performed continuously without frame-based scheduling, then radar devices can detect interference in real-time, but processing and power consumption increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterference detection capabilityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic LBT procedures scheduled at specific frame boundaries rather than continuous monitoring. The gNB performs LBT at defined intervals (e.g., at slot boundaries or frame boundaries), creating a periodic sampling mechanism that reduces overall processing while maintaining adequate interference detection capability for FMCW radar applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the continuous LBT monitoring into discrete, scheduled operations at specific frame boundaries. By dividing the monitoring task into separate, time-separated LBT procedures rather than continuous operation, the system reduces processing overhead and power consumption while maintaining effective interference detection through strategic sampling at critical time points.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If LBT procedures are performed frequently to ensure accurate interference detection, then detection accuracy improves, but the number of processing operations and resource consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterference detection accuracyVSAvoidprocessing efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary LBT procedures at frame boundaries before scheduling actual radar transmissions. By conducting interference detection in advance at strategically chosen time points, the system ensures accurate detection of potential interferers while avoiding the need for continuous or post-transmission LBT operations, thereby improving processing efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses the natural frame structure and timing already inherent in FMCW radar operations to schedule LBT procedures. By aligning LBT with existing frame boundaries and transmission schedules, the system leverages its own operational structure to perform detection without requiring additional independent processing resources, thereby maintaining detection accuracy while improving overall productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Length of moving object

If frame length is set equal to propagation delay for maximum range detection, then detection range is optimized, but LBT procedures cannot effectively distinguish interference from real targets

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection rangeVSAvoidinterference discrimination capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces asymmetry between the frame length and the propagation delay by setting frame length to be a multiple of propagation delay (e.g., 2x, 4x, or 8x). This asymmetric relationship creates distinct time patterns that allow the system to differentiate between genuine target returns and interference signals, as interference will not consistently align with the asymmetric frame structure while real targets will maintain consistent timing relationships.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses the frame boundary structure as an intermediary mechanism between the propagation delay and interference detection. By introducing frame boundaries at multiples of propagation delay, the system creates a reference framework that mediates the distinction between interference and real targets, allowing reliable discrimination while maintaining the ability to detect at maximum range through the propagation delay parameter.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP4182721B1Frame based listen before talk for radar
Publication Date: 2026.03.11 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP4182721B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4182721B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4182721B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and radar detection. In some aspects, a radar device may perform, at an initial listen before talk (LBT) frame boundary associated with an initial LBT frame of a plurality of LBT frames, an initial LBT procedure, wherein the initial LBT frame has a frame length that is larger than a propagation delay associated with a maximum detectable range associated with the radar device; and transmit a radar signal based at least in part on a successful result of the initial LBT procedure or an additional LBT procedure. Numerous other aspects are provided.