Free Radical Generator for Advanced Oxidation Processes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing advanced oxidation processes face challenges in efficiently generating hydroxyl radicals (OH*) with high density and reliability, particularly when feed gases with high moisture content are used, as they can lead to arcing and inhomogeneous treatment due to suspended water droplets, affecting the performance of discharge devices.
Innovation Solution
The development of devices and methods that remove water droplets from feed gases, utilize steam generators and gas heaters to maintain high dissolved moisture, and incorporate regenerative desiccant wheels to supply dry air, enabling continuous generation of OH* and ozone radicals at desired ratios for effective advanced oxidation processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If feed gas with high moisture content is used to generate OH* radicals, then the concentration and efficiency of OH* radical generation is improved, but arcing and inhomogeneous treatment occur due to suspended water droplets
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state of water from liquid droplets (suspended in gas) to dissolved moisture (gas-phase water vapor) by controlling temperature and pressure parameters. This allows high moisture content to be maintained without forming suspended droplets that cause arcing, thereby improving both OH* generation efficiency and device stability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a counter electrode with controlled surface properties as an intermediary element. By optimizing the counter electrode surface (using materials with specific surface energy or surface treatments), the system enables stable discharge in high moisture conditions without arcing, allowing efficient OH* radical generation while maintaining reliability
2Productivity
If water is used as counter electrode to enable discharge, then OH* radical generation is facilitated, but surface undulations and discharge gap variation lead to inhomogeneous AOP treatment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state of water from liquid to gas phase (dissolved moisture), eliminating surface undulations and discharge gap variations that occur with liquid water counter electrodes. This parameter change enables uniform discharge gap maintenance and homogeneous AOP treatment while maintaining high OH* radical generation efficiency
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These solutions enhance the concentration and efficiency of OH* radical generation, prevent arcing, and ensure homogeneous treatment, allowing for the selective production and application of OH* and ozone radicals for pollutant removal, thereby improving the reliability and effectiveness of advanced oxidation processes.
Implementation Method 1
streamer discharge to achieve practical AOP
Implementation Method 2
The OH* radical is nonselective in its behavior and rapidly reacts with numerous species
Implementation Method 3
Direct O3 oxidation is a selective reaction in which O3 preferentially reacts with the ionized and dissociated form of organic compounds
Implementation Method 4
O3+H2O+hv→H2O2+O2
Implementation Method 5
H2O2→HO2−+H+
Implementation Method 6
HO2−+O3→OH*+O2−+O2
Implementation Method 7
a regenerative desiccant wheel in a flow of the feed gas that continuously supplies dry air to the discharge gap
Implementation Method 8
a steam generator as well as a gas heater enabling high dissolved moisture content in the feed gas
Implementation Method 9
steam generator as well as a gas heater enabling high dissolved moisture content
Data Source
AI summary
Devices suitable for use in an advanced oxidation method for organic and inorganic pollutants deploying OH* radicals and ozone is disclosed. Optionally, a first discharge device, providing OH* radicals and second discharge device providing ozone, are combined to provide desirable chemical and biocidal characteristics. Further, efficient mixing systems for transferring the radicals to the target fluid are disclosed.