Frequency-Diverse Array Antenna Beam Control for Angle-Distance Decoupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing frequency diversity arrays face challenges in angle-distance coupling, leading to blurred positioning due to S-shaped energy distribution, and require high radio frequency hardware changes, making engineering implementation difficult.
Innovation Solution
A beam control method using a receiving array with uniformly arranged sub-arrays of coprime integers, processing signals through a model to generate a covariance matrix, constructing a virtual array, and randomly selecting frequencies from a set to form a beam pattern, decoupling distance and angle.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a linear FDA with uniformly increasing frequency is used, then the beam pattern provides distance and angle dependency, but angle-distance coupling occurs resulting in S-shaped energy distribution and blurred positioning
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the frequency offset parameters from uniform linear increase to non-uniform distribution. Specifically, it uses a random frequency diversity array where each element's frequency offset is randomly selected from a uniform distribution range, transforming the deterministic linear frequency progression into a stochastic parameter configuration that decouples angle and distance dependencies
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of using uniform frequency increments that create angle-distance coupling, the patent inverts the approach by using random frequency offsets. This inversion transforms the coupled S-shaped beam pattern into a decoupled beam mode where angle and distance can be independently controlled, thereby improving positioning accuracy
2Measurement precision
If random frequency offset method is used to achieve angle-distance decoupled beam mode, then positioning accuracy improves, but continuous frequency changes require high radio frequency hardware performance increasing implementation difficulty
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-configuring the frequency offsets for each array element during system setup or calibration. Instead of continuously changing frequencies during operation, the frequency offsets are predetermined and stored, allowing the system to select from pre-established frequency configurations that achieve angle-distance decoupling without requiring complex real-time frequency synthesis hardware
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamics by randomly selecting frequency offsets from a predefined set during different operational modes or time periods. This random selection mechanism allows the system to adaptively choose different frequency configurations without requiring continuous hardware reconfiguration, balancing performance optimization with implementation feasibility
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is an improved beam control method of an array antenna based on frequency diversity. The method includes: signals from a transmitter are received by a receiving array which includes a first sub-array and a second sub-array, wherein the first sub-array includes M uniformly arranged array elements, the second sub-array includes N uniformly arranged array elements, M and N are coprime integers, and N≥0; a signal received by each array element in the receiving array is input into a constructed model, and a covariance matrix is output after processing the signal via the model; a virtual array is constructed at a receiver, wherein a virtual array element in the virtual array is a second-order statistic calculated according to the covariance matrix; and a frequency is randomly selected for each virtual array element from a frequency set of the virtual array, so as to form a beam pattern.