Friction Part Y-Shaped Grooves for Oil Film Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing friction parts for frictionally engaged devices, such as clutches and brakes, face challenges in rapid oil film removal, insufficient cooling, high drag torque, and complex assembly due to groove patterns that are not optimally designed for efficient operation across varying oil volumes, pressures, and temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A friction part with an annular friction surface featuring a Y-shaped groove set, where the first groove extends from the inner or outer edge to a branch point, and the second and third grooves extend to the other edge, inclined in opposite directions, facilitating easy assembly, reducing drag torque, and enhancing cooling through diffuser effects and heat absorption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If conventional groove patterns are used in friction surfaces, then the structure is simple to manufacture, but the oil film removal speed is insufficient and cooling effectiveness is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The groove pattern is segmented into multiple functional zones: radial grooves for oil supply, circumferential grooves for oil film removal, and diagonal grooves for pressure distribution. This segmentation allows each groove type to perform its specific function optimally, achieving rapid oil film removal while maintaining manufacturability through standardized groove configurations.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from simple radial grooves to a three-dimensional groove network incorporating radial, circumferential, and diagonal orientations. This multi-dimensional groove arrangement creates effective oil flow paths in multiple directions simultaneously, dramatically improving oil film removal speed and cooling effectiveness without excessive complexity.
2Temperature
If high oil pressure is applied to cool the friction surface, then cooling effectiveness improves, but the friction lining may be damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The groove pattern creates localized pressure zones rather than uniform high pressure across the entire friction surface. Radial grooves supply oil at controlled pressures to specific regions, while circumferential and diagonal grooves distribute and dissipate pressure locally. This localized pressure management cools the friction surface effectively without subjecting the friction lining to damaging high forces.
Solution Approach 2:
The groove pattern acts as an intermediary pressure distribution system between the oil supply and friction lining. Instead of direct high-pressure oil contact with the friction lining, the grooves mediate by distributing oil pressure gradually across multiple paths, achieving cooling while protecting the friction lining from pressure-induced damage.
3Loss of energy
If grooves extend directly from inner edge to outer edge, then oil flow path is simple, but drag torque is not sufficiently reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The groove pattern employs asymmetric configurations where circumferential grooves are positioned at specific offsets from radial grooves, and diagonal grooves create non-uniform pressure distribution. This asymmetry prevents symmetric oil film formation that would maintain drag torque, while the structured asymmetry remains manufacturable through standard machining processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The groove pattern incorporates curved and angled transitions rather than straight linear paths. Circumferential grooves follow curved paths around the friction surface, and diagonal grooves create angled pressure distribution patterns. These curved configurations more effectively disrupt oil film continuity and reduce drag torque compared to simple straight grooves.
4Speed
If the friction part is designed with precise groove alignment for optimal performance, then oil film removal and cooling improve, but assembly becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The groove pattern is designed with universal symmetry where the same groove configuration performs optimally regardless of rotational orientation. The combination of radial, circumferential, and diagonal grooves creates a pattern that maintains its oil film removal and cooling effectiveness at any rotation angle, eliminating the need for precise alignment during assembly while preserving performance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables rapid oil film removal, effective cooling, and smooth engagement of the friction part, reducing drag torque and ensuring reliable operation regardless of oil volume, pressure, and temperature, while simplifying assembly and protecting the friction lining from damage.
Implementation Method 1
coolant flowing through, such as oil, at this deflection point
Implementation Method 2
enhancing cooling through diffuser effects and heat absorption
Implementation Method 3
reducing drag torque, and enhancing cooling through diffuser effects
Implementation Method 4
lead to a quick removal of the oil film between the friction part and the associated counterpart
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~5
Figure 6
AI summary
The present invention relates to a friction part (2) for a frictionally acting device, having an annular friction face (18) which has an inner edge (20) and an outer edge (22), wherein at least one set of grooves (24) is provided in the friction face (18), which set of grooves (24) has a first groove (32) which extends from the inner edge (20) or the outer edge (22) to a branching point (34) between the inner edge (20) and the outer edge (22), and a second and third groove (40, 42) which extend in each case from the branching point (34) to the other edge (22, 20). According to the invention, the second groove (40) is inclined in the one peripheral direction (28) and the third groove (42) is inclined in the other peripheral direction (30) of the friction face (18) with respect to a radial line (38) through the branching point (34). The present invention also describes a frictionally acting device having a friction part (2) of said type.