Friction Stir Spot Welding Stages for Sealant-Free Weld Regions

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Solution Overview

Problem

Friction stir spot welding technologies face challenges in achieving high weld quality when sealing materials are present between workpieces, as they interfere with the welding process and can lead to reduced bond strength.

Innovation Solution

A friction stir spot welder with a pin and shoulder design that generates friction heat to soften and push out sealing materials, allowing for effective welding by rotating and pressing the workpieces with a controlled actuator system, reducing the viscosity of the sealant and minimizing its entry into the weld area.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If sealant is applied between workpieces to ensure corrosion resistance, then corrosion resistance is improved, but weld quality deteriorates due to sealant interference with the welding process

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecorrosion resistanceVSAvoidweld quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The pin and shoulder perform preliminary pressing action before the main welding stroke to push out the sealant from the weld region in advance, preventing sealant interference with the subsequent welding process and ensuring both corrosion resistance and weld quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The welding process is divided into multiple stages: initial pressing stage to remove sealant, and main welding stage to create the joint. This segmentation allows the sealant removal function to be performed separately before welding, resolving the conflict between maintaining sealant for corrosion protection and removing it for weld quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If sealant is present during welding, then corrosion protection is maintained, but bond strength decreases due to sealant entry into plastic flow portion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecorrosion protectionVSAvoidbond strength
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The pin and shoulder advance beforehand to press and expel the sealant from the region where plastic flow will occur during welding, preventing sealant contamination of the bonding interface and ensuring high bond strength while preserving corrosion protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Manufacturing precision

If friction heat is generated to soften and push out sealant, then weld quality is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveweld qualityVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The sealant is extracted or removed from the weld region through the pressing action of the pin and shoulder before welding, eliminating the need for prolonged friction heating and reducing overall energy consumption while maintaining weld quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables high-quality welds even in the presence of sealing materials, by effectively removing the sealant from the weld region and ensuring strong bonding between workpieces.

Implementation Method 1

The pressing of the weld region by the rotating pin and/or shoulder generates friction heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction heat: Friction

Implementation Method 2

Transfer of the friction heat leads to melting and viscosity decrease of the sealant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

Transfer of the friction heat leads to melting and viscosity decrease of the sealant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentEP3903986B1Friction stir spot welding device and method for operating same
Publication Date: 2024.03.06 KAWASAKI JUKOGYO KK
  • EP3903986B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3903986B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3903986B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A friction stir spot welder includes a controller (51) configured to: (B) drive a rotary actuator (57) and an advancement/withdrawal actuator (53) to cause a pin (11) to press workpieces (60) while rotating; (C) after the pressing (B), drive the rotary actuator (57) and the advancement/withdrawal actuator (53) to cause the pin (11) and a shoulder (12) to press the workpieces (60) while rotating; and (D) after the pressing (C), drive the rotary actuator (57) and the advancement/withdrawal actuator (53) to cause the pin (11) and/or the shoulder (12) to plunge into a weld region of the workpieces (60) while rotating and stir the weld region to weld the workpieces (60) together.