Friction Welding Spindle Alignment Using a Switching Guide Bushing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing machine tools face challenges in suppressing misalignment between members during friction welding.

Innovation Solution

A machine tool with two spindles and a guide member that guides one spindle during the pressing process to align members, using a movement controller to control spindle movements and ensure precise alignment.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If friction welding is performed by a conventional machine tool, then welding can be achieved, but misalignment between the first member and the second member occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment precisionVSAvoidmachine tool structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

A guide member is introduced as an intermediary component between the two spindles to guide the first and second members during friction welding. The guide member has a guide hole through which the members pass, ensuring their axes align with the guide hole's axis. This intermediary structure directly addresses the misalignment problem without requiring complex control systems or modifications to the spindles themselves.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The guide member is positioned and configured before the friction welding process begins, establishing the alignment path in advance. The first and second members are guided through the guide hole during the welding process, ensuring proper alignment is maintained from the start of pressing through the completion of welding, preventing misalignment rather than correcting it afterward.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Manufacturing precision

If the guide member guides one member throughout the entire pressing process, then alignment is maintained, but the other member cannot be properly guided during pressing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment precisionVSAvoidguiding operation
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The guiding function is dynamically assigned to different members at different stages of the pressing process. The movement controller switches which member is guided by the guide member - first guiding one member, then guiding the other member. This dynamic adjustment allows both members to be properly guided at appropriate times, solving the contradiction between maintaining alignment and enabling proper guiding operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The guiding action is performed in periodic stages: first the guide member guides one member during the initial pressing phase, then the controller switches to guide the other member during the subsequent pressing phase. This periodic switching of guiding targets ensures both members receive appropriate guidance without conflict, maintaining alignment precision throughout the entire welding process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The machine tool effectively suppresses misalignment between members, allowing for accurate friction welding and reducing the need for additional burr removal processes.

Implementation Method 1

a first member and a second member are brought into contact with each other while being relatively rotated to generate frictional heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP4721907A1Machine tool and friction joining method
Publication Date: 2026.04.08 CITIZEN MASCH CO LTD
  • EP4721907A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4721907A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4721907A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The machine tool (1) includes a front spindle (11) capable of gripping a first member (W1), a rear spindle (12) capable of gripping a second member (W2), and a guide bushing device (13) arranged between the front spindle (11) and the rear spindle (12), and frictionally welds the first member (W1) gripped by the front spindle (11) and the second member (W2) gripped by the rear spindle (12) with frictional heat generated at respective joint surfaces (CS) of the first member (W1) and the second member (W2) by relatively rotating the first member (W1) and the second member (W2) and bringing them into contact. The guide bushing device (13) is configured to guide the outer peripheral surface (OS1) of the first member (W1) without guiding the outer peripheral surface (OS2) of the second member (W2) when the first member (W1) and the second member (W2) that are relatively rotated start to contact each other, and to guide the outer peripheral surface (OS2) of the second member (W2) when the first member (W1) and the second member (W2) are pressed against each other.