Frozen Dough Direct-to-Oven Baking via Pressure Differential

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional frozen dough processes require thawing, proofing, and baking steps, which are time-consuming and costly, and do not produce bread-like products with desired flavor and crumb structure, while existing solutions fail to create a product that can be directly baked from the freezer to the oven.

Innovation Solution

A frozen dough method involving flour, yeast, emulsifiers, and stabilizers, with a gluten content of 10-20% and yeast levels up to 14%, subjected to pressure differentials to create gas nucleation sites and restructure the dough matrix, allowing direct oven baking without thawing or proofing, using a combination of heating modes like convection, microwave, and infrared.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If frozen dough is thawed in a retarder and proofed before baking, then the bread achieves good organoleptic quality, but the process requires multiple equipment (freezer, retarder, proofer, oven) and qualified bakers, increasing operational complexity and cost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveorganoleptic qualityVSAvoidequipment requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The dough is pre-proofed before freezing, so that the proofing action is completed in advance. This eliminates the need for a separate proofer in the bakery, as the dough arrives already proofed and ready for baking. The preliminary proofing action is performed during manufacturing rather than at the point of use.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines the freezer and oven into a single operational workflow, eliminating the need for separate retarder and proofer equipment. The frozen dough is transferred directly from storage freezer to baking oven, merging multiple processing steps into a simplified two-step process that reduces equipment complexity while maintaining product quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Reliability

If frozen dough is thawed for 2-16 hours before baking, then the dough can be baked, but the bakery must presume product needs 3 hours before baking, reducing productivity and increasing storage space requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebaking readinessVSAvoidbaking efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The dough is pre-proofed before freezing, so that the time-consuming proofing step is completed in advance during manufacturing. This eliminates the need for lengthy thawing and proofing periods in the bakery, allowing dough to be baked immediately upon removal from the freezer, thus improving productivity and eliminating the need for advance production planning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Device complexity

If lamination and chemical leavening systems are used to create freezer-to-oven products, then the process is simplified, but the product lacks bread-like flavor and crumb structure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess simplicityVSAvoidbread-like quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the yeast concentration parameter to 0.5-2.0% (higher than traditional formulations) and adjusts the proofing time parameter to 30-120 minutes before freezing. These parameter changes enable the dough to develop sufficient gas structure and flavor during pre-proofing, allowing it to be baked directly from frozen while maintaining authentic bread-like quality without requiring lamination or chemical leaveners.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Reliability

If yeast concentration is increased to 0.5-2.0% and dough is pre-proofed for 30-120 minutes before freezing, then the dough achieves sufficient gas structure for direct-to-oven baking, but the formulation complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas structure developmentVSAvoidformulation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the yeast concentration parameter to a specific range (0.5-2.0%) and the proofing time parameter (30-120 minutes) to achieve the desired gas structure. These controlled parameter changes provide a systematic approach that simplifies formulation by relying on quantitative optimization rather than complex ingredient combinations, making the process easier to control and replicate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method produces bread with a specific volume of at least 4.0 ml/g, achieving uniform crumb, consistent crust, and fresh-baked flavor, reducing storage space and extending shelf life, while eliminating the need for pre-baking and proofing steps.

Implementation Method 1

subjected to pressure differentials to create gas nucleation sites and restructure the dough matrix

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

using a combination of heating modes like convection, microwave, and infrared

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 3

using a combination of heating modes like convection, microwave, and infrared

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMicrowave: Microwave Radiation

Implementation Method 4

using a combination of heating modes like convection, microwave, and infrared

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInfrared radiation: Infrared Radiation

Data Source

PatentEP1968388B1Method for producing frozen dough
Publication Date: 2013.09.04 RICH PRODUCTS CORPORATION
  • EP1968388B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP1968388B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B

AI summary

The present invention provides a method for producing frozen dough which can be directly transferred from freezer to oven without a proofing or thawing step. The process comprises mixing the dough ingredients, forming gas nucleation sites, exercising the dough by subjecting to cycles of pressure differentials and freezing the dough. The frozen product can be transferred directly from the freezer to an oven for baking.