Laminated Protective Sheet for FRP Wind Turbine Blades

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Solution Overview

Problem

Wind turbine and aircraft blades made of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) face damage from flying objects and environmental degradation, leading to peeling of surface coatings and potential structural issues due to exposure to hail, thunderbolts, and UV rays, requiring costly and complex repair methods.

Innovation Solution

A laminated protective sheet with an adhesive layer, intermediate fabric layer, and durable surface layer is bonded to the leading edge of FRP blades, providing shock resistance, tracking resistance, and ozone resistance, and is designed to follow the tapered distal end shape with slits to prevent peeling and ensure secure bonding.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a protective sheet is affixed to the leading edge of an FRP blade, then the blade becomes resistant to scratches and environmental degradation, but the complexity of the blade structure increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblade durabilityVSAvoidblade structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The protective sheet uses a composite structure with an adhesive layer, intermediate fabric layer, and durable surface layer. Each layer serves a specific function: the adhesive layer bonds to the blade, the fabric layer provides structural reinforcement, and the surface layer resists environmental degradation. This composite approach achieves superior protection while managing the complexity through functional specialization of each layer.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The protective sheet is designed to be affixed in advance to the leading edge of the blade before the blade is put into service. This preliminary protective action prevents damage from flying objects, hail, and thunderbolts before they can occur, eliminating the need for complex repair systems and reducing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If a protective sheet is used to shield the blade, then the blade is protected from environmental damage, but the cost of manufacturing and maintenance increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblade protectionVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The protective sheet is designed as a thin-film structure that can be bonded to the blade surface. This thin-film approach provides comprehensive protection against environmental degradation while minimizing material usage and manufacturing complexity, making it more cost-effective than bulk protective structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Solution Approach 2:

The protective sheet is divided into three distinct layers, each performing a specific protective function. This segmentation allows for optimized material selection in each layer, reducing overall material costs while maintaining superior protection. The modular structure also simplifies manufacturing and potential replacement procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If the protective sheet is bonded to the tapered distal end of the leading edge, then the most vulnerable portion is protected, but the bonding area is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection of critical areaVSAvoidbonding area
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The protective sheet is strategically positioned to cover the tapered distal end of the leading edge, which is identified as the most vulnerable portion subject to the harshest conditions. This local quality approach concentrates protection where it is most needed rather than uniformly distributing it across the entire blade surface, optimizing the protection-to-bonding-area ratio.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The protective sheet extends beyond the minimum required area to ensure complete coverage of the tapered distal end and provide a sufficient bonding area. This partial excessive action ensures that the critical vulnerable portion is fully protected while maintaining adequate bonding surface area for reliable attachment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The laminated protective sheet enhances the durability of FRP blades, allows for easy repair, and prevents peeling under high-speed rotation and harsh environmental conditions, extending the maintenance-free lifespan of the blades.

Implementation Method 1

a laminated protective sheet being bonded (joined) to at least part of the leading edge of an FRP blade body

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesive bonding: Adhesive

Implementation Method 2

a protective sheet which is superior in shock resistance, tracking resistance and ozone resistance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectShock resistance: Impact Force

Implementation Method 3

a protective sheet which is superior in shock resistance, tracking resistance and ozone resistance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOzone resistance: Ozone

Implementation Method 4

the laminated protective sheet includes an adhesive layer, a intermediate fabric layer and a durable surface layer, in that order from the blade body side

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLamination: Lamination

Data Source

PatentEP2615304B1Blade and protective laminated sheet for blade
Publication Date: 2015.07.22 FUJIKURA COMPOSITES INC
  • EP2615304B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2615304B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2615304B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A scratch-resistant blade such as an FRP wind turbine blade and a blade protective sheet which can be easily repaired when scratched. A blade is provided which is characterized by a laminated protective sheet being bonded to at least part of a leading edge of an FRP blade body of said blade, wherein the laminated protective sheet comprises an adhesive layer, a intermediate fabric layer and a durable surface layer, in that order from the blade body side.