Wireless FTM Lung Fluid Detection via Signal Attenuation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current technologies lack an effective method to non-invasively detect fluid accumulation in lungs, which can lead to respiratory issues such as pulmonary edema, especially in conditions like COVID-19, cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, congestive heart failure, and liver cirrhosis.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing wireless transceivers and a controller to perform Fine Time Measurement (FTM) and Channel State Information (CSI) analysis on wireless signals to differentiate between healthy and infected states by comparing signal properties, allowing for the detection of fluid accumulation in lungs through the attenuation and propagation of wireless signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If wireless signals are used to detect fluid accumulation in lungs, then non-invasive monitoring is achieved, but signal attenuation and propagation difficulties occur due to fluid presence
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs FTM measurements multiple times and compares current measurements with stored baseline measurements to detect changes. This feedback mechanism allows the system to identify fluid accumulation by observing deviations from normal signal propagation characteristics, resolving the reliability issue while maintaining non-invasive operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the measurement parameters by performing FTM at different time points (baseline during healthy state, then during infected state) and comparing the results. By monitoring changes in signal propagation parameters over time, the system can detect fluid accumulation without requiring invasive procedures.
2Reliability
If FTM measurements are performed continuously to monitor fluid accumulation, then early detection is enabled, but measurement time and processing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system stores baseline FTM measurements during the user's healthy state in advance. When monitoring during infected state, the system compares current measurements against this pre-stored baseline, enabling rapid detection without requiring continuous lengthy measurements. The preliminary baseline establishment allows for efficient real-time monitoring.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs FTM measurements at specific intervals rather than continuously, using partial sampling to detect fluid accumulation. By comparing measurements at discrete time points (healthy baseline, then during infection), the system achieves early detection while minimizing total measurement time and processing requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables non-invasive monitoring of fluid accumulation in lungs by outputting notifications based on threshold comparisons, effectively aiding in early detection and management of respiratory issues.
Implementation Method 1
The controller is configured to send instructions to the transceiver to initiate a Fine Time Measurement (FTM) on a wireless channel to a body part associated with a user
Data Source
AI summary
A system includes a first and second transceiver configured to emit and receive a wireless signal, a controller in communication with the first and second transceiver, the controller configured to send instructions to the transceivers to initiate a Fine Time Measurement (FTM) on a wireless channel to a body part associated with a user during a healthy state of the user, store an FTM measurement associated with the healthy state of the user, send instructions to the transceiver to initiate the FTM on the wireless channel during an infected state of the user, store an FTM measurement associated with the infected state of the user, compare the FTM measurement associated with the healthy state of the user with the FTM measurement associated with the infected state of the user, and in response to the comparison exceeding a threshold value, output a notification.