Fuel Additive Composition for DISI Injector Deposit Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional fuel additives for port fuel injection engines are not optimized for controlling deposits in direct injection spark ignition engines, leading to injector fouling, increased emissions, reduced fuel economy, and equipment wear.

Innovation Solution

A fuel composition comprising hydrocarbon-based fuel, a carrier fluid, an amine-based detergent, and one or more nitrogen-containing detergents, specifically designed for direct injection spark ignition engines to control carbon deposits and lower particulate emissions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional fuel additives for port fuel injection engines are used, then the engine can operate with conventional additives, but deposits accumulate on injector surfaces leading to injector fouling and reduced performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinjector performanceVSAvoidcarbon deposits
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical composition parameters of fuel additives specifically for direct injection engines. The additive composition includes primary detergents (10-500 ppm), secondary detergents (10-500 ppm), and tertiary detergents (10-500 ppm), with specific molecular weight ranges and structural characteristics optimized for DISI conditions. This parameter optimization resolves the contradiction by enabling effective deposit control through tailored chemical parameters rather than using conventional PFI additives.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite materials by formulating a multi-component detergent system combining primary detergents (amines with specific structures), secondary detergents (polyetheramines), and tertiary detergents (succinimides). This composite additive package works synergistically to control carbon deposits in direct injection engines, resolving the technical contradiction through combined material effects that neither component could achieve alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Productivity

If fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber, then fuel delivery efficiency is improved, but combustion products accumulate on injector surfaces causing fouling

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefuel delivery efficiencyVSAvoidinjector fouling
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by incorporating detergent additives into the fuel before injection occurs. These additives proactively prevent deposit formation on injector surfaces during the high-temperature direct injection process. The detergents are present in the fuel from the start, continuously cleaning injector surfaces as fuel passes through, thereby preventing fouling before it significantly impacts performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses detergent additives as intermediary substances that mediate between the fuel and injector surfaces. These intermediaries adsorb onto injector surfaces and react with combustion products, preventing direct accumulation of carbon deposits. The detergent molecules act as protective intermediaries that maintain injector cleanliness while allowing efficient fuel delivery to continue.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Ease of manufacture

If deposits form on injector and combustion chamber surfaces, then fuel flow and injection characteristics are maintained, but emission and particulate matter increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefuel flow maintenanceVSAvoidparticulate emissions
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the concentration and molecular characteristics of detergent components to achieve optimal deposit control. The specific parameter ranges for primary, secondary, and tertiary detergents are tuned to maximize emission reduction while maintaining proper fuel flow characteristics. This resolves the contradiction by finding the optimal parameter window where both fuel delivery and emission control are satisfied.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The fuel composition effectively reduces carbon deposits, improves fuel flow, and lowers particulate emissions, enhancing engine performance and equipment longevity.

Implementation Method 1

an amine-based detergent given by the following formula: R4

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Implementation Method 2

a carrier fluid comprising a compound having the following structure: wherein each R2 wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group from C4-C100

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSolvation: Solvation

Data Source

PatentEP4413100B1Fuel additives for lowering deposit and particulate emission
Publication Date: 2025.08.20 CHEVRON ORONITE CO LLC
  • EP4413100B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1D
  • EP4413100B1 patent drawingFigure 1E~1I
  • EP4413100B1 patent drawing

AI summary

A fuel composition is described. The composition contains a hydrocarbon-based fuel boiling in the gasoline or diesel range; a carrier fluid comprising an alkyl polyethoxylate having the following structure (I), where each R2 and R3 is independently hydrogen, C1-C4 hydrocarbyl group, or C1-C3 alcohol, where R1 is C4-C100 hydrocarbyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, thioether group, or aromatic group, wherein x is from 1 to 20, or a hydrocarbyl phenol having the following structure (II) wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group from C4-C100; an amine-based detergent given by formula 2, R4-O-(CH2)y-NHR5, where the amine-based detergent is present in about 10 ppm to about 750 ppm by weight based on total weight of the fuel composition; where R4 is a hydrocarbyl group having 8 to 20 carbons, R5 is hydrogen or (CH2)zNH2 moiety, and where y, z are independently integers having a value of 2 or greater; and one or more nitrogen-containing detergent.