Fuel Cell System Adaptive SOC Control for Multi-Unit Load Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
In a fuel cell system with multiple units, the normal fuel cell unit becomes overloaded and its output is limited, leading to potential failures due to excessive compensation for power deficiencies, causing deviations in state of charge (SOC) and temperature control parameters between units.
Innovation Solution
A fuel cell system with overlapping control targets for SOC and temperature ranges between units, where the control units in each unit adjust power generation and charging/discharging based on shared target ranges to prevent deviations, and enhance cooling capacities during simultaneous charging and power supply to maintain optimal operating conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the normal fuel cell unit compensates for power deficiency from limited units, then the system maintains operation, but the normal unit becomes overloaded and its output gets limited
Solution Approach 1:
The control units dynamically adjust the SOC reference values for each fuel cell unit based on their individual states and the overall system requirements. By changing the reference parameter (SOC target) rather than maintaining a fixed value, the system allows normal units to compensate for limited units without becoming overloaded, as the reference value adapts to prevent excessive discharge demands.
2Device complexity
If the SOC reference value is fixed for each fuel cell unit, then control is simplified, but deviations in SOC between units occur
Solution Approach 1:
The SOC reference value transitions from a static fixed parameter to a dynamic adaptive parameter. Each control unit adjusts its reference value based on real-time system conditions and unit-specific states, allowing the system to maintain SOC consistency without requiring complex centralized control mechanisms.
3Stability of the object's composition
If overlapping control target ranges are used for SOC between units, then SOC deviation is prevented, but control flexibility is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Rather than fixing the control target range, the system dynamically adjusts the SOC reference value within an adaptive range based on system conditions. This allows the control targets to overlap for SOC consistency while maintaining flexibility through parameter adaptation to changing operational requirements.
Data Source
AI summary
A control unit included in a first fuel cell unit stores a target range set. The target range set includes an SOC control target range, a control target range of temperature of a secondary battery, a control target range for FC temperature, a control target range for temperature of a BDC, a control target range for temperature of a hydrogen pump, and a control target range for temperature of an air compressor. The control unit controls the respective parameters to fall within these target ranges. A control unit included in a second fuel cell unit also stores the target range set. The control unit included in the second fuel cell unit thus similarly controls the respective parameters to fall within the same target ranges, like the control unit included in the first fuel cell unit.