Fuel Cell Controller Prioritizing Power Limits During Control Collisions

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional fuel cell control systems fail to effectively manage collisions between different control targets, leading to complex arbitration issues and potential inefficiencies in power generation.

Innovation Solution

A fuel cell system with a power generation controller that prioritizes certain controls over others, using a unification process to determine control contents and apply priority rules when collisions occur, ensuring efficient operation by avoiding complicated arbitration and maintaining predetermined stoichiometric ratios.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Extent of automation

If multiple ECUs perform independent control allocated to each, then power generation control can be distributed and specialized, but control collisions occur when not all target ranges are satisfied

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistributed controlVSAvoidcontrol collision
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a controller that acts as an intermediary between multiple ECUs to manage control collisions. The controller receives target ranges from multiple ECUs, determines whether collisions occur, and when collisions are detected, selects which control to prioritize and which to suspend. This intermediary structure resolves the contradiction by maintaining distributed control benefits while preventing reliability issues from control collisions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If control collision arbitration is implemented to resolve conflicts between ECUs, then control reliability improves, but system complexity increases due to arbitration mechanisms

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol collision resolutionVSAvoidarbitration mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The controller serves as a centralized intermediary that simplifies the arbitration process. Instead of implementing complex peer-to-peer arbitration mechanisms between multiple ECUs, the patent uses a single controller to receive all target ranges, detect collisions, and make prioritization decisions. This approach improves reliability through systematic collision resolution while minimizing added complexity by consolidating arbitration functions in one component rather than distributing complex arbitration logic across multiple ECUs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Adaptability or versatility

If all control targets are enforced equally, then comprehensive control is achieved, but control efficiency decreases due to complicated arbitration requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomprehensive controlVSAvoidcontrol efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic control prioritization where the controller adjusts which control targets are enforced based on real-time collision detection. When no collision occurs, all control targets can be enforced comprehensively. When a collision is detected, the controller dynamically selects which control to prioritize and which to suspend, rather than enforcing all controls equally. This dynamic approach maintains comprehensive control adaptability while improving efficiency by avoiding unnecessary arbitration for non-colliding controls.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3021399B1Fuel cell system and method of controlling fuel cell
Publication Date: 2019.11.27 TOYOTA JIDOSHA KK
  • EP3021399B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3021399B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3021399B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A control method when pieces of control on various physical quantities collide with each other is provided. An upper limit current value ImaxA for realizing power control for preventing generated power from exceeding an upper limit value, voltage control for preventing generated voltage from falling below a lower limit value and current control for preventing generated current from exceeding an upper limit value is determined. Furthermore, a lower limit current value Imin for preventing the generated voltage from exceeding an upper limit value is determined. When ImaxA is less than Imin, the target value of the current value is set at ImaxA ((d), (e) and (f)).