Fuel Cell Layer Interconnector Merging Catalyst Layers

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing fabrication methods for planar fuel cells require a large number of materials, leading to increased costs and complexity, particularly due to the need for separate interconnectors which can cause electrical shorting and material inefficiencies.

Innovation Solution

A fuel cell layer with membrane electrode assemblies in a planar arrangement, where interconnectors are formed from the same materials as the anode and cathode catalyst layers, reducing the number of components and materials needed, and incorporating seal layers to prevent cross-leaks and shorts, with the interconnectors being integrally formed with either the anode or cathode layers or a combination of both.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If separate interconnectors are used to connect membrane electrode assemblies, then electrical connection between anode and cathode is achieved, but the number of materials and components increases leading to higher costs and complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical connectionVSAvoidnumber of components
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The interconnector is merged with the membrane electrode assembly by forming it from the same catalyst layer material. The catalyst layer is continuously formed across multiple electrolyte membranes, and portions extending beyond the membranes serve as interconnectors, eliminating the need for separate interconnector components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The catalyst layer serves multiple functions: it acts as the electrocatalytic layer for the fuel cell reaction, the current collector, and the interconnector for electrical connection between adjacent membrane electrode assemblies. This multi-functionality reduces the total number of materials required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If separate interconnectors are used, then electrical connection is established, but material efficiency decreases due to additional materials required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical connectionVSAvoidnumber of materials
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The interconnector is merged with the membrane electrode assembly by forming it from the same catalyst layer material. The catalyst layer is continuously formed across multiple electrolyte membranes, and portions extending beyond the membranes serve as interconnectors, eliminating the need for separate interconnector components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The catalyst layer serves multiple functions: it acts as the electrocatalytic layer for the fuel cell reaction, the current collector, and the interconnector for electrical connection between adjacent membrane electrode assemblies. This multi-functionality reduces the total number of materials required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If more components are used for connection, then electrical connectivity is improved, but manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical connectivityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The interconnector is merged with the membrane electrode assembly by forming it from the same catalyst layer material. The catalyst layer is continuously formed across multiple electrolyte membranes, and portions extending beyond the membranes serve as interconnectors, eliminating the need for separate interconnector components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The interconnector is formed simultaneously with the catalyst layer during the manufacturing process, before assembly of the membrane electrode assembly. This preliminary formation of the interconnector integrated into the catalyst layer simplifies the overall manufacturing process and reduces costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Reliability

If separate interconnectors are used, then electrical connection is achieved, but the fuel cell layer size increases reducing compactness

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical connectionVSAvoidfuel cell layer size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The interconnector is merged with the membrane electrode assembly by forming it from the same catalyst layer material. The catalyst layer is continuously formed across multiple electrolyte membranes, and portions extending beyond the membranes serve as interconnectors, eliminating the need for separate interconnector components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces the number of materials and components required, lowers manufacturing costs, enhances the strength and efficiency of the fuel cell layer, and allows for a more compact design while maintaining or increasing power generation capabilities.

Implementation Method 1

each membrane electrode assembly including an electrolyte membrane, an anode catalyst layer provided on one face of the electrolyte member

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonic conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 2

A fuel cell is a device that generates electricity from hydrogen and oxygen

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrochemical reaction: Fuel Cell

Data Source

PatentEP2550700B1Fuel cell layer, fuel cell system and method for fabricating the fuel cell layer
Publication Date: 2019.05.01 INTELLIGENT ENERGY LTD
  • EP2550700B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2550700B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP2550700B1 patent drawingFigure 2B~3A

AI summary

A fuel cell layer includes a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies disposed in a planar array arrangement and an interconnector for electrically coupling an anode catalyst layer of one of adjacent membrane electrode assemblies to a cathode catalyst layer of the other of the adjacent membrane electrode assemblies. Each membrane electrode assembly includes an electrolyte membrane, the anode catalyst layer provided on one face of the electrolyte member and the cathode catalyst layer provided on the other face of the electrolyte membrane in such a manner that at least part of which is disposed counter to the anode catalyst layer. The interconnector is formed of at least one of a material constituting the anode catalyst layer and a material constituting the cathode catalyst layer.