Fuel Cell Flow Field Plate Interdigitated Channel Design

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional flow field arrangements in fuel cells do not achieve a high enough fluid flow rate locally through the substrate, limiting performance enhancements.

Innovation Solution

A flow field plate design with inlet and outlet channels arranged such that at least two inlet channels are adjacent on one side and at least one outlet channel is adjacent on the opposite side, with a hydrophilic layer for moisture management and ribs facilitating fluid transfer from inlet to outlet channels, ensuring each inlet channel's flow goes into a single outlet channel.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If conventional parallel flow field arrangements are used, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the fluid flow rate through the substrate is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid flow rateVSAvoidflow field arrangement complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The flow field plate is segmented into distinct inlet channels and outlet channels with specific geometric arrangements. The channels are divided into groups where inlet channels are positioned adjacent to each other and outlet channels are positioned adjacent to each other, creating a segmented pattern that enhances fluid distribution while maintaining structural simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The flow field arrangement uses asymmetric positioning where inlet channels are grouped on one side and outlet channels are grouped on the opposite side, with at least one outlet channel adjacent to each inlet channel. This asymmetric configuration optimizes fluid flow paths and increases flow rate through the substrate without requiring complex additional components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

2Productivity

If interdigitated flow field arrangements are used, then performance is enhanced, but fluid flow distribution creates stagnant regions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefluid flow rateVSAvoidflow distribution uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The flow field plate implements local quality variations by positioning outlet channels at specific locations relative to inlet channels. At least one outlet channel is positioned adjacent to each inlet channel, creating localized flow paths that ensure uniform fluid distribution across the substrate and eliminate stagnant regions while maintaining high flow rates

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The flow field arrangement is designed with predetermined channel positions and configurations before operation. The specific geometric arrangement of inlet and outlet channels is established in advance to pre-optimize fluid distribution patterns, ensuring that fluid flows uniformly through all regions of the substrate without creating stagnant areas

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances fluid flow rate and velocity, reducing stagnant regions and improving moisture distribution, thereby increasing the efficiency of fluid delivery in fuel cells.

Implementation Method 1

A hydrophilic layer is included in some examples and is configured to carry moisture in at least selected regions between immediately adjacent ones of the inlet flow channels

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Data Source

PatentEP2277219B1Fuel cell component with interdigitated flow fields
Publication Date: 2019.06.12 AUDI AG
  • EP2277219B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2277219B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3

AI summary

An exemplary flow field plate for use in a fuel cell includes a plurality of inlet flow channels. A plurality of outlet flow channels are also included. The flow channels are arranged such that at least two of the inlet flow channels are immediately adjacent each other on a first side of the two of the inlet flow channels. At least one of the outlet flow channels is immediately adjacent each of the two inlet flow channels on a second, opposite side of each of the two inlet flow channels.