Fuel Cell Stack Outlet Manifold Heating

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Solution Overview

Problem

In conventional fuel cell systems, the close contact between unit stacks leads to a deterioration in operational performance, as a reduction in temperature of one stack can affect neighboring stacks, disrupting heat balance and reducing system performance, with no effective heating mechanism to maintain optimal operating temperatures.

Innovation Solution

The fuel cell system is designed with fuel cell stacks spaced apart, featuring outlet manifold units that can be individually heated by burning subsidiary fuel, maintaining optimal temperature ranges and preventing thermal interference between stacks.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If unit stacks are arranged in close contact to increase system capacity, then productivity is improved, but temperature stability deteriorates as heat transfer between stacks causes performance degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem capacityVSAvoidtemperature stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the fuel cell stacks into independent thermal zones by introducing heating devices between individual stacks. This segmentation allows each stack to be thermally managed independently, preventing heat transfer-induced performance degradation while maintaining close physical arrangement for high capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Heating devices are introduced as intermediary elements between adjacent fuel cell stacks. These intermediaries actively manage thermal conditions by providing supplemental heating to maintain optimal temperature ranges, preventing harmful thermal interference while allowing stacks to remain in close contact for maximum productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Temperature

If heating devices are added to maintain optimal temperature, then temperature stability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature stabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The heating devices are integrated into the existing system architecture, utilizing the same structural framework and control mechanisms already present in the fuel cell system. This self-service approach allows thermal management to be achieved using minimal additional components, reducing the increase in overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The heating devices are merged with the existing stack arrangement and support structures. By combining the heating function with the structural framework already in place, the system achieves temperature stability without proportionally increasing complexity, as the heating elements share space and control infrastructure with other system components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration ensures that each fuel cell stack is maintained within a normal temperature range, preventing performance degradation and optimizing power generation efficiency by isolating heat transfer between stacks and allowing for independent heating of each unit.

Implementation Method 1

a subsidiary fuel supply unit for supplying subsidiary fuel into the outlet manifold unit such that the subsidiary fuel is burnt in the outlet manifold unit so as to heat both the outlet manifold unit and the fuel cell stack coming into contact with the outlet manifold unit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCombustion: Combustion

Data Source

PatentEP2860804B1Device and method for heating fuel cell stack and fuel cell system having the device
Publication Date: 2022.04.13 SK INNOVATION CO LTD
  • EP2860804B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2860804B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2860804B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided is device and method for heating fuel cell stack and fuel cell system having the device. The fuel cell system includes: a power generating unit having fuel cell stacks arranged with an interval defined between the stacks; an outlet manifold unit provided outside each fuel cell stack and guiding a reaction mixture discharged from each stack to outside; an inlet manifold unit provided on each stack at a location opposed to the outlet manifold unit based on the stack, the inlet manifold unit supplying fuel and air supplied through a fuel supply pipe and an air supply pipe into the stack; and a subsidiary fuel supply unit for supplying subsidiary fuel into the outlet manifold unit such that the subsidiary fuel is burnt in the outlet manifold unit so as to heat both the outlet manifold unit and the stack coming into contact with the outlet manifold unit.