Multi-Blower Fuel Cell Air Supply for Fast Flow Response

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Solution Overview

Problem

Centrifugal blowers in fuel cells face challenges with single blower units requiring high inertia impellers, leading to slow response times and complex control systems due to fluctuating gas flow demands, and inefficiencies in power consumption and noise levels.

Innovation Solution

A multiple centrifugal blower system with interconnected blowers, utilizing low inertia impellers and controlled motor rpm, splits gas flow and pressure tasks among units for rapid and accurate response to varying demands.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If a single centrifugal blower unit is used to meet fluctuating gas flow demands, then the system can provide sufficient gas flow capacity, but the response time becomes slow and the control system becomes complex due to high inertia impellers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas flow capacityVSAvoidresponse time
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The single blower unit is divided into multiple smaller blower units operating in parallel. Each unit has its own low inertia impeller, enabling faster individual response times while collectively providing the required gas flow capacity. The control system manages each unit independently, simplifying the control of individual low-inertia components compared to controlling a single high-inertia system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Quantity of substance

If a single centrifugal blower unit is used to meet fluctuating gas flow demands, then the system can provide sufficient gas flow capacity, but the control system becomes complex due to high inertia impellers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas flow capacityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control system complexity is distributed across multiple independent control channels, each managing a low-inertia impeller. This segmentation allows simpler control algorithms for each unit compared to the complex control required for a single high-inertia system, while collectively achieving the required gas flow capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Quantity of substance

If a single centrifugal blower unit with high inertia impeller is used, then sufficient gas flow capacity is achieved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas flow capacityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple smaller blower units with low inertia impellers consume less power individually compared to a single large high-inertia impeller. The segmented configuration allows each unit to operate more efficiently, reducing overall power consumption while maintaining the required collective gas flow capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Quantity of substance

If a single centrifugal blower unit with high inertia impeller is used, then sufficient gas flow capacity is achieved, but noise levels increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas flow capacityVSAvoidnoise
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The noise generation is distributed across multiple smaller blower units rather than concentrated in a single large unit. Each low-inertia impeller generates less noise individually, and the distributed configuration reduces overall noise levels while collectively providing the required gas flow capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves faster and more precise control over gas flow and pressure, reducing power consumption and noise, while maintaining optimal performance across a broad range of requirements.

Implementation Method 1

A centrifugal blower includes a housing having an axially directed gas inlet and a radially directed gas outlet, an impeller disposed within the housing for drawing gas at a first pressure into the inlet and expelling gas at a second higher pressure through the outlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal force: Centrifugal Force

Implementation Method 2

a motor for driving, i.e., spinning, the impeller

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2724029B1Centrifugal blower system and fuel cell incorporating same
Publication Date: 2025.08.06 WATT FUEL CELL CORP
  • EP2724029B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~2B
  • EP2724029B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~4B
  • EP2724029B1 patent drawingFigure 5A~5D

AI summary

A centrifugal blower system (10) includes: a) a series of blower units (11, 12), each blower unit in the series comprising a casing (14) having an axial inlet (15) and a radial outlet (16), an impeller (20) disposed within the casing for drawing a gaseous medium at a first pressure into the inlet and expelling gaseous medium at a second higher pressure through the outlet and a motor (18) for driving the impeller (20); and, b) a duct (13) connecting the outlet of at least one blower unit in the series with the inlet of at least one other blower unit in the series.