Fuel Cell Purging Coordination for Power Conservation

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Solution Overview

Problem

In fuel cell systems with multiple stacks, purging operations consume significant battery power due to the repeated opening and closing of high-pressure valves, leading to concerns about insufficient activation power for starting the fuel cell system.

Innovation Solution

A system that includes a determination unit to assess the state of each fuel cell stack during operation stop and a purging execution unit to simultaneously activate and supply fuel to all stacks, reducing power consumption by executing purging only when necessary and avoiding excessive valve operations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If purging is executed on each fuel cell stack by opening/closing high-pressure valves during operation stop, then purging effectiveness is improved, but battery power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepurging effectivenessVSAvoidbattery power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the purging operations of multiple fuel cell stacks into a single coordinated action. When any stack requires purging, all stacks are purged simultaneously by opening the high-pressure valve once, rather than opening/closing the valve separately for each stack. This combining approach maintains purging effectiveness for all stacks while significantly reducing the number of valve operations and associated power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The control unit determines the purging requirements of all fuel cell stacks before executing the purging operation. By assessing the internal humidity or purging necessity of each stack in advance and then executing a single coordinated purging action, the system avoids repeated valve operations. This preliminary assessment approach ensures that purging is performed effectively on all stacks that need it while minimizing power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If high-pressure valves are opened and closed repeatedly for purging operations, then purging is performed on individual stacks, but activation power for starting the fuel cell system becomes insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepurging performanceVSAvoidactivation power
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple individual purging operations into a single system-wide purging action. Instead of opening and closing the high-pressure valve separately for each fuel cell stack, the system executes one purging operation that benefits all stacks simultaneously. This merging of operations drastically reduces the number of valve actuations, thereby conserving activation power while maintaining adequate purging performance across all stacks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies partial action by executing purging on all fuel cell stacks even when only one or a few stacks actually require it. While this may seem excessive for individual stacks, it is economically justified because it avoids the repeated valve operations that would consume activation power, and the additional purging on stacks that don't need it causes no harm.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Use of energy by moving object

If purging is executed on multiple fuel cell stacks simultaneously, then power consumption is reduced, but pressure deviation control becomes more challenging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidpressure deviation
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs feedback control by continuously monitoring the internal humidity or pressure state of each fuel cell stack before and during purging operations. The control unit uses this feedback information to determine which stacks require purging and to monitor the purging process, ensuring that pressure deviations are kept within acceptable ranges while executing simultaneous purging on multiple stacks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces power consumption during purging operations by optimizing the activation of fuel cell stacks and minimizing valve usage, thereby ensuring sufficient power for system activation while preventing potential damage from uneven pressure deviations.

Implementation Method 1

a plurality of fuel cell stacks 20, 40... a first fuel cell stack 20 among the plurality of fuel cell stacks 20, 40

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFuel cell electrochemical reaction: Fuel Cell

Implementation Method 2

opening on-off valves of the plurality of fuel tanks to supply fuel to the plurality of fuel cell stacks

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectValve flow control: Valve

Data Source

PatentUS10403915B2Electric power supply system, mobile object, and electric power supply method
Publication Date: 2019.09.03 TOYOTA JIDOSHA KK
  • US10403915B2 patent drawing
  • US10403915B2 patent drawing
  • US10403915B2 patent drawing

AI summary

An electric power supply system includes first and second fuel cell stacks, a plurality of fuel tanks, a determination unit configured to determine the state of the first fuel cell stack during operation stop of the first and second fuel cell stacks, and a purging execution unit configured to execute purging by activating the first and second fuel cell stacks according to a determination result and opening on-off valves of the plurality of fuel tanks to supply fuel to the first and second fuel cell stacks.