Fuel Cell Power Control for EV Range Without Larger Hydrogen Tanks
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Solution Overview
Problem
The limited range of electric vehicles equipped with fuel cells is due to the technical constraints on hydrogen storage, which requires large, heavy, and expensive tanks, making it impractical to increase hydrogen storage capacity without compromising vehicle size and weight.
Innovation Solution
A method for controlling a power supply system in electric vehicles that optimizes hydrogen consumption by calculating and controlling the electrical power setpoint for the fuel cell to operate at maximum efficiency, reducing hydrogen usage without degrading the fuel cell's performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of moving object
If the amount of hydrogen stored aboard the vehicle is increased to extend the vehicle's range, then the range is improved, but the vehicle's size and weight increase due to larger hydrogen tanks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operational parameters of the fuel cell by dynamically adjusting its power output based on efficiency maps and operating conditions. This allows the fuel cell to operate at optimal efficiency points, maximizing hydrogen utilization and extending vehicle range without requiring additional hydrogen storage capacity or larger tanks.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic control of the fuel cell power output by continuously monitoring operating conditions and adjusting the power setpoint according to efficiency maps. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to maintain optimal efficiency across varying loads, effectively extending range without increasing hydrogen storage capacity.
2Duration of action of moving object
If the amount of hydrogen stored aboard the vehicle is increased to extend the vehicle's range, then the range is improved, but the vehicle's size increases due to larger hydrogen tanks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the fuel cell's operational parameters by referencing efficiency maps that define optimal power output levels for different operating conditions. This allows maximum extraction of energy from the available hydrogen supply, extending vehicle range without requiring increased hydrogen storage volume or larger tank installations.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the fuel cell power output based on real-time operating conditions and efficiency maps, ensuring optimal hydrogen utilization across all operating scenarios. This dynamic optimization extends effective range without requiring physical expansion of the hydrogen storage system.
3Power
If the fuel cell operates at maximum power output to meet high power demands, then the power supply capability is improved, but the hydrogen consumption increases and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes efficiency maps that define optimal operating points for the fuel cell across different power levels and operating conditions. By referencing these maps, the control system can determine the most efficient power output level that meets vehicle demands while minimizing hydrogen consumption, rather than simply operating at maximum power output.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the fuel cell power setpoint based on varying vehicle demands and operating conditions, continuously referencing efficiency maps to maintain optimal operation. This allows the fuel cell to operate at efficient power levels during normal conditions while still meeting peak power demands, thereby reducing overall hydrogen consumption without sacrificing necessary power supply capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for an increase in vehicle range without the need for larger hydrogen tanks, thereby reducing costs, weight, and size, while maintaining the fuel cell's efficiency and power supply capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
a fuel cell (8) connected to said battery (16) and configured to convert chemical energy into electrical energy
Data Source
AI summary
A method of controlling a power supply system for an electric vehicle includes acquiring a first power setpoint value corresponding to the electrical power to be supplied by the battery, determining the electrical power required by the drivetrain and the electrical power required by the at least one auxiliary apparatus, determining the state of the battery, calculating at least one electrical power value to be delivered by the fuel cell, and calculating a second setpoint value for the electrical power to be delivered by the fuel cell. The second setpoint value is optimized so that the fuel cell operates at or near its maximum efficiency point.