Fuel Delivery Control via Speed of Sound Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fuel delivery systems for engines, such as gas turbine engines, do not account for variations in fuel energy density, leading to inconsistent thrust outputs and inefficiencies, as the fuel supply rate is independent of the fuel's actual energy capacity, which can vary due to different formulations and age even when meeting industry standards.
Innovation Solution
A method to adjust fuel flow rate in real time during engine operation by sensing the speed of sound in the fuel, using sensors to determine fuel properties like density and composition, and a controller module to adjust the fuel pump's output based on these measurements, ensuring the correct amount of fuel is delivered to match the required energy output.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If fuel delivery rate is controlled independently of fuel energy density, then fuel supply is simplified, but thrust output becomes inconsistent
Solution Approach 1:
The system measures the actual energy density of the fuel and feeds this information back to the controller, which then adjusts the fuel delivery rate accordingly. This closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures that thrust output remains consistent despite variations in fuel formulation or composition.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the fuel delivery rate parameter based on measured energy density variations. By adjusting this key parameter in real-time, the system maintains consistent thrust output while adapting to different fuel conditions.
2Reliability
If fuel delivery is adjusted based on fuel energy density, then thrust consistency improves, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces complex mechanical fuel metering mechanisms with electronic sensing and control. An energy density sensor and electronic controller substitute for traditional mechanical flow control devices, reducing moving parts while achieving precise fuel delivery adjustment.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller serves multiple functions: it monitors fuel energy density, calculates the required fuel delivery rate, and actuates the fuel pump. This multi-functionality consolidates what could be separate systems into a single integrated control unit, managing complexity through functional integration.
3Device complexity
If traditional fuel metering is used without energy density sensing, then hardware requirements are reduced, but fuel efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel system performs self-adjustment by automatically sensing its own fuel's energy density and correcting delivery rates without external intervention. This self-service capability optimizes fuel efficiency using minimal additional hardware, as the system uses its own operational data for correction.
Solution Approach 2:
The system optimizes fuel efficiency by dynamically changing the fuel delivery rate parameter based on actual energy density measurements. This parameter adjustment ensures that the engine receives the precise amount of fuel needed for optimal combustion, reducing energy loss while requiring only a sensor and controller.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances fuel efficiency, engine performance, and thrust consistency by accurately matching fuel delivery to the energy demands of the engine, allowing for better temperature control and improved fuel quality monitoring, while potentially reducing hardware needs and weight, leading to cost savings and more predictable engine performance.
Implementation Method 1
sensing the speed of sound in the fuel
Data Source
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AI summary
A method of delivering fuel to an engine during operation of the engine, that includes, sensing the speed of sound in the fuel, determining a density or property of the fuel, and based on that density or fuel property adjusting the flow rate of the fuel. Further, an established fuel profile or determined energy density value can also be used to adjust the flow rate of the fuel.