Fuel Filter Pressure Control via Overflow Conduit

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Solution Overview

Problem

Frequent start-stop cycles of internal combustion engines cause significant pressure fluctuations in fuel systems, leading to the risk of impurities being pushed through fuel filters, potential engine disruptions, and damage to the fuel filter due to high pressure, which existing solutions have not adequately addressed.

Innovation Solution

A fuel system design incorporating a low-pressure pump operated by an electric motor, a control device, and an overflow conduit that maintains fuel flow back to the tank when the engine is off, reducing pressure fluctuations by maintaining a stable pressure in the fuel filter during engine shutdowns and startups.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If the internal combustion engine is frequently started and stopped, then fuel consumption and emissions are reduced, but pressure fluctuations in the fuel system increase causing filter damage and impurity breakthrough

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefuel consumptionVSAvoidfuel filter integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The control device activates the low pressure pump before the engine start-up to pre-build pressure in the fuel system and fuel filter. This preliminary action ensures that when the engine starts, the fuel filter is already pressurized and ready to filter impurities, preventing filter collapse and impurity breakthrough during the pressure transient phase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The invention maintains a residual pressure in the fuel system during engine shutdown by controlling the low pressure pump to operate at reduced speed or intermittently. This beforehand cushioning of pressure prevents the drastic pressure drop that would otherwise cause fuel filter collapse and impurity penetration when the engine is restarted.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

2Productivity

If high pressure is applied to supply fuel during engine start, then sufficient fuel supply is achieved quickly, but the fuel filter may be damaged or collapse

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefuel supply speedVSAvoidfuel filter structural integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The control device dynamically adjusts the low pressure pump speed based on engine operating state. During engine start-up, the pump speed is increased to provide high pressure for quick fuel supply. During normal operation and shutdown, the pump speed is reduced or adjusted intermittently to maintain moderate pressure, preventing fuel filter damage while ensuring adequate fuel supply when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the pressure parameter in the fuel system by controlling the low pressure pump operation. The control device modulates pump speed and activation timing to create appropriate pressure levels: higher pressure during start-up for quick fuel supply, and moderated pressure during operation and shutdown to protect the fuel filter from collapse and damage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Use of energy by moving object

If the low pressure pump is deactivated when the engine is off, then energy consumption is reduced, but pressure fluctuations occur during engine restart

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepump energy consumptionVSAvoidfuel system pressure stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The control device implements periodic or intermittent operation of the low pressure pump when the engine is shut off. Instead of continuous operation, the pump is activated in periodic cycles to maintain residual pressure in the fuel system. This periodic action consumes less energy than continuous operation while still preventing drastic pressure fluctuations during engine restart.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The fuel system is designed to maintain its own pressure stability through controlled pump operation. The control device monitors system pressure and activates the low pressure pump only when pressure drops below a threshold, allowing the system to self-regulate pressure without continuous energy input, thus balancing energy consumption with pressure stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design minimizes the risk of operational disruptions and filter damage by reducing pressure spikes and maintaining a stable pressure in the fuel filter, ensuring efficient engine operation and extending filter lifespan.

Implementation Method 1

a low pressure pump (22) operated by an electric motor (M1) arranged in a fuel system (4) for an internal combustion engine (2)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPump: Pump

Implementation Method 2

an overflow conduit (56) arranged in connection with a deaerating outlet (54) arranged in the fuel filter device (12) and the fuel tank (20), so that fuel may flow from the fuel filter device (12), via the deaerating outlet (54) and the overflow conduit (56), back to the fuel tank (20)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity flow: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP3167176B1Fuel system for internal combustion engine and a method to lessen pressure fluctuations in a fuel filter device in a fuel system.
Publication Date: 2019.12.11 SCANIA CV AB
  • EP3167176B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3167176B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3167176B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a fuel system (4) for an internal combustion engine (2), which fuel system (4) comprises a first fuel tank (20), a fuel filter device (12), arranged between a low pressure pump (22) operated by an electric motor and a high pressure pump (14), a first fuel conduit (24), through which the low pressure pump (22) is arranged to supply fuel to the fuel filter device (12), and a control device (26), arranged in connection with an electric motor (M1 ) operating the low pressure pump (22). Furthermore, an overflow conduit (56) is arranged in connection with a deaeration outlet (54), arranged in the fuel filter device (12) and the first fuel tank (20), and the control device (26) is arranged to control the electric motor (M1), in such a way that the low pressure pump (22) is active when the internal combustion engine (2) is turned off for a limited period, whereby fuel may flow from the fuel filter device (12) via the deaeration outlet (54) and the overflow conduit (56), back to the first fuel tank (20). The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine (2) comprising such a fuel system (4), a vehicle (1) comprising such a fuel system (4) and a method to lessen pressure fluctuations in the fuel filter device (12) in such a fuel system (4).