Fuel Injection Control for High Alcohol Concentration Blends
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal combustion engines using blended fuels with high alcohol concentrations experience reduced startability due to insufficient fuel combustion, as existing fuel injection modes do not account for the decreased volatility of mixed fuels, leading to inadequate fuel supply and inefficient combustion.
Innovation Solution
A fuel injection control apparatus and method that adjusts the fuel injection mode based on alcohol concentration, specifically using an improved grouped injection mode where the fuel injection amount in return-stroke cylinder groups is increased to ensure sufficient fuel is injected after the crankshaft angle is determined, preventing adherence to intake passage walls and ensuring adequate combustion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If sequential injection or grouped injection mode is used for gasoline fuel, then exhaust emissions are reduced or startability is maintained, but fuel combustion becomes insufficient when high alcohol concentration fuel is used
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the fuel injection timing parameter based on fuel type. For high alcohol concentration fuel, injection is performed earlier in the intake stroke compared to gasoline fuel, compensating for the lower volatility and ensuring adequate fuel vaporization and combustion.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention dynamically adjusts the fuel injection timing according to the detected alcohol concentration in the fuel. The ECU modifies the injection timing parameter in real-time based on fuel composition, transitioning from fixed timing to adaptive timing to maintain optimal combustion across different fuel types.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If fuel injection timing is delayed to allow vaporization, then liquid fuel combustion is suppressed, but insufficient fuel supply occurs in the combustion chamber
Solution Approach 1:
The invention adjusts the fuel injection timing parameter based on fuel volatility characteristics. For high alcohol concentration fuel with lower volatility, injection timing is advanced to ensure sufficient fuel supply to the combustion chamber while allowing adequate vaporization time.
3Reliability
If fuel injection amount is increased to compensate for low volatility, then sufficient fuel combustion is achieved, but fuel adhesion to intake passage walls increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary fuel injection earlier in the intake stroke for high alcohol concentration fuel, allowing the fuel more time to vaporize before reaching the combustion chamber. This preliminary action reduces fuel adhesion to intake passage walls by preventing fuel from lingering in cold surfaces.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach prevents deterioration in engine startability by ensuring sufficient fuel combustion in the combustion chamber, even with high alcohol concentrations, by adjusting the fuel injection amount and timing to match the volatility characteristics of the blended fuel, thereby maintaining engine performance.
Implementation Method 1
a fuel injection valve that injects fuel (gasoline) from an intake passage to a combustion chamber
Implementation Method 2
the vaporized fuel tends to enter the combustion chamber, which suppresses entry and combustion of liquid fuel in the combustion chamber
Implementation Method 3
the amount of fuel corresponding to the start-up injection amount command value is injected into each cylinder... when the fuel in the combustion chamber is combusted
Data Source
AI summary
A fuel injection control apparatus for an internal combustion engine injects fuel from a fuel injection valve in each cylinder in a fuel injection mode in which an amount of fuel in the combustion chamber corresponds to a required value for starting the internal combustion engine when fuel in the combustion chamber is combusted in each cylinder after a crankshaft angle is determined through cranking for starting the internal combustion engine. When the fuel has a high alcohol concentration and is combusted after the determination of the crankshaft angle, the control apparatus sets the fuel injection mode for fuel with a high alcohol concentration as the fuel injection mode in which the amount of fuel in the combustion chamber corresponds to the required value for starting the internal combustion engine.