Fuel Injection Nozzle Decompression Space for Atomization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fuel injection nozzles in gas turbines face challenges in efficiently atomizing fuel due to limitations in nozzle design, where small diameters reduce fuel flow rate and larger diameters struggle with particle size, leading to inefficient combustion.
Innovation Solution
A fuel injection device with a spiral flow guide and decompression space is introduced, featuring a rod-shaped body with a spiral protrusion and a decompression space between outlets, which increases fuel flow rate by lowering pressure and allowing for efficient atomization even with smaller injection hole diameters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the nozzle outlet diameter is increased, then the fuel flow rate increases, but the fuel atomization efficiency deteriorates due to increased particle size
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle is divided into multiple injection holes instead of a single large outlet, allowing the fuel flow to be segmented into multiple smaller streams that can be atomized more effectively while maintaining adequate total fuel flow rate
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a new spatial dimension by creating a decompression space within the nozzle structure, adding a volume element between the injection chamber and injection holes to enable pressure reduction without increasing the nozzle outer diameter
2Manufacturing precision
If the nozzle outlet diameter is decreased, then the fuel atomization efficiency improves, but the fuel flow rate decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The decompression space performs preliminary pressure reduction action before the fuel reaches the injection holes, allowing smaller diameter holes to achieve both good atomization and sufficient flow rate by reducing the pressure head that would otherwise require larger openings
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the pressure parameter within the nozzle by introducing a decompression region, transforming the pressure distribution to enable smaller injection holes to deliver adequate fuel flow while maintaining atomization quality
3Device complexity
If a simple nozzle structure is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the fuel atomization efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The decompression space is nested within the existing nozzle body structure, utilizing the internal volume of the nozzle in a creative way to add functionality without increasing external dimensions or requiring separate components
Solution Approach 2:
The decompression space creates a region with effective porosity or void volume that allows pressure equalization and fuel flow regulation, achieving complex flow control functions through a simple geometric feature rather than complex mechanical components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly enhances fuel flow rate and atomization efficiency, enabling effective combustion with reduced nozzle diameter, thus improving overall gas turbine performance.
Implementation Method 1
the injection chamber may include a decompression space to drop a pressure therein
Implementation Method 2
The plurality of guide channels may be connected in a spiral form
Data Source
AI summary
A nozzle, a combustor, and a gas turbine, which are capable of atomizing fuel efficiently, are provided. A fuel injection device for the combustor may include a plurality of guide channels connected to a pilot fuel passage through which fuel is supplied, an injection chamber connected to the plurality of guide channels, the fuel being merged in the injection chamber, and an injection hole formed at a tip of the injection chamber to inject the fuel, and the injection chamber may include a decompression space to drop a pressure therein.