Fuel Injection Pulse Mass Compensation Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for controlling the total injection mass per working cycle in multiple injection operations of fuel injectors in internal combustion engines fail to effectively compensate for short-term deviations in fuel mass, which can impact emissions and efficiency, particularly in Otto-cycle engines.
Innovation Solution
A method that determines the individual injection pulse mass differences between setpoint and actual masses, stepwise transferring these differences through subsequent pulses to achieve precise compensation of the total injection mass per working cycle, ensuring improved tolerance and control of fuel mass.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If adaptive control methods are used to compensate for injection mass deviations, then slow deviations can be compensated, but short-term deviations cannot be compensated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the multiple injection pulses into individual controllable units, measuring and compensating the injection mass of each pulse separately. By dividing the total injection process into discrete pulses (first pulse, second pulse, etc.), the system can independently adjust each pulse's mass to compensate for both slow and short-term deviations, rather than treating the total injection mass as a single controlled parameter.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the actual injection mass of each pulse is measured and compared with the target value, and the deviation is used to adjust subsequent pulses. The control unit receives feedback from sensors measuring injection mass or related parameters (such as coil current, needle position) and dynamically adjusts the excitation signals for following pulses to compensate for deviations in real-time.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If the number of injection pulses is increased to reduce fuel penetration, then emissions are reduced, but the control complexity of total injection mass increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the fuel injection into multiple discrete pulses, each with independently controllable mass. This allows the system to achieve reduced fuel penetration through pulse distribution while managing control complexity by treating each pulse as a separate controllable unit with its own mass measurement and compensation mechanism, rather than controlling a single complex multi-pulse event.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter being controlled from the total injection mass to the individual pulse injection masses. By measuring and adjusting the mass of each pulse separately based on its specific characteristics and deviations, the system maintains precise control over total mass while enabling flexible optimization of each pulse's contribution to reduce fuel penetration and improve combustion efficiency.
3Manufacturing precision
If individual injection pulse masses are precisely controlled, then total injection mass tolerance is improved, but the measurement and control requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses intermediary parameters that are easier to measure than direct injection mass, such as coil current characteristics, needle valve position, or pressure signals in the fuel system. These intermediary measurements serve as proxies for injection mass and can be obtained with standard sensors already present in the engine management system, avoiding the need for complex and expensive direct mass measurement devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces direct mechanical mass measurement with electrical or magnetic field-based measurements. By using sensors that detect electrical parameters (coil current, voltage) or magnetic field changes associated with the injection process, the system infers injection mass without requiring direct mechanical measurement of the fuel mass, thereby simplifying the measurement system while maintaining precision.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for controlling the total injection mass per working cycle during a multiple injection operation of a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine is provided. In the method, an injection mass difference is determined from individual injection pulse to individual injection pulse, and transferred to the next individual injection pulse, in stepwise fashion. The injection mass difference remaining in the penultimate individual injection pulse is transferred to the final individual injection pulse to achieve a total injection mass with improved tolerance.