Fuel Injection Unit with Intake Separator and Blade

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Solution Overview

Problem

GDI engines face issues with fuel wall-wetting and reduced performance under cold start conditions due to late fuel evaporation and enhanced intake air flow, leading to increased hydrocarbon exhaust and decreased full-load performance.

Innovation Solution

A fuel injection unit with a separator and blade system in the intake port that divides air channels and includes multiple small-capacity injectors, preventing fuel interference and allowing precise control of fuel injection, combined with a Variable Tumble System and Variable Charge Motion to enhance combustion efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber (GDI), then fuel efficiency is improved through ultra-lean combustion, but fuel evaporates late after hitting the piston wall, producing soot and increasing hydrocarbon exhaust

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefuel efficiencyVSAvoidhydrocarbon exhaust

Core Design Contradiction:

Use of energy by moving objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the fuel injection system into two separate injectors: one for MPI (multi-point injection) and one for GDI (gasoline direct injection). The MPI injector injects fuel into the intake port where it evaporates early, while the GDI injector provides supplemental fuel directly to the combustion chamber. This segmentation allows the system to achieve ultra-lean combustion for fuel efficiency while preventing late evaporation soot through the MPI component.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If intake air flow is enhanced through the intake port, then combustion efficiency is improved, but under cold start conditions fuel evaporates later and full-load performance decreases due to load on the intake port

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecombustion efficiencyVSAvoidcold start performance

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by injecting fuel into the intake port through the MPI injector before the air-fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber. This allows fuel to evaporate in advance in the warmer intake port environment, ensuring proper vaporization even under cold start conditions before the mixture is drawn into the combustion chamber during enhanced intake air flow.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

3Quantity of substance

If a single high-capacity injector is used, then fuel injection capacity is sufficient, but fuel injection precision and control are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefuel injection capacityVSAvoidfuel injection precision

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces a single high-capacity injector with multiple smaller-capacity injectors (MPI injector and GDI injector). Each injector is responsible for a specific injection function and timing, allowing for more precise control of fuel quantity and distribution. The MPI injector handles bulk fuel delivery to the intake port while the GDI injector provides precise supplemental injection into the combustion chamber.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution improves fuel efficiency, reduces emissions, and stabilizes combustion by preventing fuel wall-wetting and optimizing fuel-air mixing, enabling precise control of fuel injection and increased operation speed through motor-driven VCM.

Implementation Method 1

a separator disposed in an intake port configured to supply air into a combustion chamber and to divide a channel for air into an upper channel and a lower channel

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectFlow separation: Flow Separation

Implementation Method 2

a blade disposed ahead of the separator and configured to open or close the upper channel or the lower channel by rotating

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectRotational motion:

Implementation Method 3

a first injector disposed over the intake port, in which when the first injector injects fuel, the blade does not interfere with the fuel

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectFuel injection and atomization: Fluid Spray

Implementation Method 4

the fuel directly injected from the injector 14 hits the wall of the bowl 17 whereby it evaporates on a hot surface of the piston 16 and is mixed with the intake air upon evaporating

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 5

A GDI engine can remarkably improve fuel efficiency through a combustion system that can perform ultra-lean combustion of about 40:1 during a part load operation... an intake port 12 for guiding intake air with a strong tumble into a combustion chamber 11

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectTumble flow: Turbulence

Data Source

PatentUS10184435B2Fuel injection unit for internal combustion engine

Publication Date: 2019.01.22 HYUNDAI MOTOR CO LTD

AI summary

The present disclosure provides a fuel injection unit for an internal combustion engine. The fuel injection unit includes: a separator that is disposed in an intake port to supply air into a combustion chamber formed in an engine head, and that divides a channel for air into an upper channel and a lower channel; a blade disposed ahead of the separator and opening or closing the upper channel or the lower channel by rotating; and a first injector disposed over the intake port. In particular, when the first injector injects fuel, the blade does not interfere with the fuel.