Electronically Controlled Fuel Injection Valve with Control Needle
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional mechanical fuel injection valves cannot independently control the time and amount of fuel injection based on engine operating conditions, limiting their adaptability and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
An electronically controlled fuel injection valve with a valve body, nozzle part, needle driving part, upper and lower pressure chambers, and a control system that uses a control needle to manage fuel flow in response to a control signal, allowing for precise control of fuel injection time and amount.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a traditional mechanical fuel injection valve is used, then the structure is simple making it easy to assemble, replace and precisely machine parts, but the injection characteristics such as the time to inject fuel and the amount of fuel to be injected are always uniform and cannot be controlled independently from the operating condition of an engine
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel injection valve is divided into multiple functional components including a valve body, nozzle part, needle driving part, upper pressure chamber, lower pressure chamber, control valve housing, control needle, control chamber, and control orifice. Each component performs a specific function, allowing independent control of fuel injection timing and amount while maintaining manageable complexity through modular design
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from a static mechanical fuel injection valve with fixed injection characteristics to a dynamic electronically controlled system where the control needle can be actuated to vary fuel flow to the lower pressure chamber, enabling real-time adjustment of injection timing and quantity based on engine operating conditions
2Speed
If high-pressure fuel is delivered to a lower pressure chamber via a control needle to rapidly control fuel injection, then the force of lifting up a cutoff needle is increased, but the structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses hydraulic pressure from the lower pressure chamber to rapidly actuate the needle driving part and lift the cutoff needle. High-pressure fuel is delivered to the lower pressure chamber through the control needle, creating rapid pressure changes that enable fast fuel injection control without requiring complex mechanical actuation mechanisms
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables independent control of fuel injection time and amount based on engine conditions, simplifies part replacement and fabrication, and facilitates precise machining, reducing costs and improving fuel injection performance.
Implementation Method 1
an upper pressure chamber formed above the needle driving part, the upper pressure chamber creating a pressure when the upper pressure chamber is filled with fuel fed through the fuel supply port, the pressure pressing the needle driving part in a downward direction
Implementation Method 2
a lower pressure chamber positioned below the upper pressure chamber, the lower pressure chamber creating a pressure when the lower pressure chamber is filled up with fuel, the pressure pressing the needle driving part in an upward direction
Implementation Method 3
a control needle disposed in the control valve housing, the control needle opening and closing the second flow path in response to a control signal, thereby controlling a flow rate of fuel that is supplied to the lower pressure chamber
Implementation Method 4
a control orifice connected to the control chamber, and allows fuel inside the control chamber to be discharged out of the valve body
Data Source
AI summary
An electronically controlled fuel injection valve can control the time to inject fuel and the amount of fuel to be injected in response to a control signal independently from the operating condition of an engine unlike a traditional mechanical fuel injection valve. The electronically controlled fuel injection valve employs a control method for fuel injection that increases the force of lifting up a cutoff needle of an injection controller by delivering high-pressure fuel to a lower pressure chamber via a control needle, thereby rapidly controlling fuel injection, has a simple structure making it easy to assemble, replace and precisely machine parts, and has a simple flow path structure which facilitates fabrication.