Fuel Injector Spray-Hole Geometry for Even Flow and Cavitation Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fuel injectors with uniform spray hole cross-sectional shapes experience uneven fuel flow distribution leading to preferential cavitation and structural damage, particularly in the second row of spray holes, affecting engine performance and combustion efficiency.
Innovation Solution
Implementing fuel injectors with spray holes having different cross-sectional shapes in multiple rows, specifically varying the shapes of inlets and outlets, to modulate fuel flow and reduce cavitation by adjusting the coefficient of discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If uniform cross-sectional shapes are used for all spray holes, then manufacturing is simplified, but uneven fuel flow distribution occurs leading to preferential cavitation and structural damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by assigning different cross-sectional shapes to spray holes in different rows. Specifically, spray holes in a first row have a first cross-sectional shape while spray holes in a second row have a second cross-sectional shape different from the first. This local differentiation enables precise control of fuel flow distribution across rows, preventing preferential cavitation and structural damage while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through standardized fabrication processes.
2Reliability
If different cross-sectional shapes are used for spray holes in different rows, then fuel flow distribution is controlled evenly, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements parameter changes by modifying the cross-sectional shape parameter of spray holes based on their row position. Spray holes in the first row have one cross-sectional shape while those in the second row have a different cross-sectional shape. This parameter differentiation allows precise modulation of fuel flow characteristics and coefficient of discharge for each row, achieving uniform fuel distribution without requiring complex additional components or mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances engine efficiency and reduces emissions by controlling fuel flow evenly across rows, minimizing cavitation and structural damage, thereby optimizing combustion performance.
Implementation Method 1
modulate fuel flow and reduce cavitation by adjusting the coefficient of discharge
Implementation Method 2
reduce cavitation by adjusting the coefficient of discharge
Data Source
AI summary
A nozzle body of a fuel injector includes a proximal end, a distal end spaced apart from the proximal end, and at least one spray hole positioned at the distal end. The at least one spray hole includes an inlet having a first cross-sectional shape and an outlet having a second cross-sectional shape different from the first cross-sectional shape. In other embodiments, the nozzle body has a first row of spray holes and a second row of spray holes, and a cross-sectional shape of spray holes in the first row is different from the cross-sectional shape of spray holes in the second row.