Gas Turbine Fuel Nozzle Flow Guides Prevent Separation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fuel nozzle assemblies in gas turbines experience flow separation at the shroud, leading to pressure loss and flame holding, which deteriorates the performance of the combustor.

Innovation Solution

The fuel nozzle assembly features flow guides with curved and straight portions, inclined projections, and sub-channels to guide fluid flow smoothly, preventing separation, and spacers to stabilize fluid flow, ensuring efficient fluid guidance and pressure maintenance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If a shroud is mounted on the outer side of the nozzle body to guide compressed air, then the fuel nozzle assembly can direct airflow effectively, but flow separation occurs at the shroud end causing pressure loss and flame holding

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflow guidance capabilityVSAvoidpressure loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The shroud is divided into multiple sections along its length, with each section having a different curvature radius. The first shroud section has a first curvature radius and the second shroud section has a second curvature radius that is greater than the first, creating segmented flow guidance zones that prevent flow separation while maintaining effective airflow direction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The shroud employs varying curvature radii along its length to guide compressed air smoothly. By increasing the curvature radius from the first section to the second section, the design creates a gradual transition that reduces flow separation and pressure loss while maintaining the shroud's ability to direct airflow effectively

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

2Ease of manufacture

If the shroud is designed with a simple cylindrical shape, then the manufacturing is easy, but flow separation occurs at the end of the shroud leading to combustor performance deterioration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshroud manufacturing simplicityVSAvoidcombustor performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The shroud is segmented into multiple sections with different curvature characteristics. This segmentation allows the design to move away from a simple cylindrical shape to a more complex multi-section structure that prevents flow separation, thereby improving combustor performance while remaining manufacturable through standard processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different sections of the shroud have different local geometric properties (curvature radii). The first shroud section has a smaller curvature radius while the second has a larger curvature radius, creating localized flow control zones that prevent flow separation at critical areas, thus improving combustor reliability without requiring complete redesign of the entire shroud

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design effectively prevents flow separation and pressure loss, enhancing the performance and efficiency of the combustor by stabilizing fluid flow and reducing flame holding.

Implementation Method 1

flow separation may be generated on the shroud 14 fuel-air mixture may stagnate due to a vortex area around a nozzle vane or swirler

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow separation: Flow Separation

Data Source

PatentUS11221142B2Fuel nozzle assembly and gas turbine having the same
Publication Date: 2022.01.11 DOOSAN HEAVY IND & CONSTR CO LTD
  • US11221142B2 patent drawing
  • US11221142B2 patent drawing
  • US11221142B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A fuel nozzle assembly and a gas turbine having the fuel nozzle assembly includes a fuel nozzle guide disposed in a compressed air channel formed between a body and a housing of a gas turbine and includes a nozzle body disposed in the housing, a shroud mounted on an outer side of the nozzle body, and two or more flow guides arranged at predetermined distances from each other between the shroud and the outer side of the nozzle body and formed to correspond to the shape of an end of the shroud and the shape of the outer surface of the nozzle body.