Full Duplex Transceiver Impedance Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge in wireless communication devices is to maintain or improve antenna performance in terms of coverage, latency, and quality of service within limited space, especially with the increasing complexity and functionality of devices like smartphones and tablets, and the introduction of 5G technology which requires higher antenna gain and beamforming features.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a full duplex transceiver with a duplexer, transmit and receive circuitry, sensors to measure voltage between the power amplifier and the antenna, and a controller to provide control signals based on these measurements, allowing the transceiver to adapt to varying antenna impedances and maintain isolation between transmit and receive circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple antennas are disposed in a single wireless communication device to support various functionality, then communication capability and frequency range are improved, but available volume for antennas deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements nested antenna structures where antennas are arranged in overlapping or integrated configurations to maximize space utilization. Multiple antennas are positioned within the limited device volume by nesting them in three-dimensional space, allowing full functionality while maintaining compact form factor.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from two-dimensional antenna placement to three-dimensional spatial arrangement. By utilizing vertical stacking and multi-layer PCB configurations, the system accommodates multiple antennas with different orientations and frequencies within the same footprint, effectively adding spatial dimensions to overcome volume constraints.
2Volume of moving object
If antenna size is reduced to fit limited device space, then device form factor is improved, but antenna performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs different antenna designs and materials optimized for specific frequency bands and performance requirements. Each antenna element is locally optimized with appropriate geometry, material selection, and matching networks to maintain high performance despite reduced overall size. Critical performance areas receive enhanced design attention.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes composite material structures including multi-layer substrates, dielectric materials with optimized permittivity, and conductive patterns with varying thicknesses. These composite constructions enable enhanced electrical performance and impedance control within compact dimensions, maintaining reliability while reducing form factor.
3Device complexity
If impedance matching is not maintained between antenna and balancer, then device complexity is reduced, but transmission performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements impedance sensing circuits that continuously monitor the antenna impedance and provide feedback to control circuits. Based on this feedback, the system dynamically adjusts balancer impedance through variable capacitors or inductors to maintain optimal matching conditions, ensuring high transmission performance without manual intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from static impedance matching components to dynamic, tunable impedance matching networks. Variable capacitors and inductors allow real-time adjustment of balancer impedance to track antenna impedance variations, maintaining optimal performance across different operating conditions and frequency bands.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of controlling a full duplex transceiver of a mobile wireless communication device includes: transmitting a transmit signal from a power amplifier of transmit circuitry of the full duplex transceiver, via a duplexer of the full duplex transceiver, to an antenna of the full duplex transceiver; receiving, via the antenna and the duplexer, a receive signal by receive circuitry of the full duplex transceiver; obtaining at least three voltage measurements from respective points between the power amplifier and the antenna; and providing at least one control signal, within the full duplex transceiver, based on the at least three voltage measurements.