Monolayer Membrane with Functionalized Gelling Particles for CO2 Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current gas separation methods, such as membrane separation, face challenges with polymer and ceramic membranes due to low carbon dioxide permeation performance and high production costs, necessitating a more efficient and cost-effective material for separating carbon dioxide from exhaust gases.
Innovation Solution
A monolayer membrane with gelling polymer particles containing basic or acidic functional groups, such as amino or carboxyl groups, is developed, which enhances carbon dioxide permeation performance and selective permeability, allowing for efficient separation of carbon dioxide from mixed gases.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If polymer membranes or ceramic membranes are used for gas separation, then the separation process can be implemented, but the carbon dioxide permeation performance is low or the production cost is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite materials by combining gelling polymer particles with functional groups (amino, carboxyl, or sulfate groups) embedded in a membrane matrix. This composite structure enables high carbon dioxide permeation performance through the functional groups' selective interaction with CO2 molecules, while the polymer matrix provides structural integrity and cost-effectiveness compared to ceramic membranes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the membrane material by introducing specific functional groups (amino, carboxyl, sulfate) that have high affinity for carbon dioxide. This parameter change in the membrane's chemical composition dramatically improves CO2 permeation performance and selective permeability without requiring expensive ceramic materials.
2Reliability
If chemical absorption method is used with aqueous amine solution, then carbon dioxide can be selectively absorbed, but the absorbent liquid must be heated up to 130°C or higher for desorption, requiring large energy amount
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the thermal desorption process (heating to 130°C or higher) with a membrane-based separation process that operates at ambient or lower temperatures. The functionalized membrane selectively permeates carbon dioxide through chemical interaction, eliminating the need for high-temperature heating and significantly reducing energy consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operating temperature parameter from high temperature (130°C or higher for chemical absorption desorption) to low or ambient temperature for membrane separation. This parameter change is achieved by using functional groups in the membrane that enable selective CO2 permeation without requiring thermal energy input for desorption.
3Use of energy by moving object
If membrane separation method is used, then no additional energy is needed, but the carbon dioxide permeation performance of existing membranes is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite membrane structure combining a polymer matrix with dispersed gelling polymer particles containing functional groups. This composite design maintains the low energy consumption advantage of membrane separation while dramatically improving carbon dioxide permeation performance through the functional groups' selective interaction with CO2 molecules.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the membrane by incorporating functional groups (amino, carboxyl, sulfate) that have high affinity for carbon dioxide. This parameter modification enables the membrane to achieve high CO2 permeation performance while operating without additional energy input, maintaining the energy efficiency advantage of membrane separation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The monolayer membrane achieves high carbon dioxide permeation performance with excellent selective permeability, reducing energy costs and improving the efficiency of gas separation processes.
Implementation Method 1
a low-temperature absorbent liquid (aqueous amine solution) is brought into contact with an exhaust gas in an absorption tower to thereby make carbon dioxide selectively absorbed by the absorbent liquid
Implementation Method 2
the membrane separation method is a method of separating the constituent gases in a mixed gas from each other, based on the difference in the permeation speed through a membrane between the constituent gases
Implementation Method 3
a monolayer membrane containing gelling polymer particles having at least one of a basic functional group and an acidic functional group, and having a thickness of less than 5 μm
Data Source
AI summary
A monolayer membrane containing gelling polymer particles having at least one of a basic functional group and an acidic functional group, and having a thickness of less than 5 μm. A composite having a porous carrier and gelling polymer particles having at least any one of a basic functional group and an acidic functional group and filling up the surface pores of the porous carrier. The invention can provide a novel material capable of efficiently separating an acid gas from a mixed gas.