Furfurylated Wood Drying Chamber Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for producing modified wood, such as furan polymer impregnated wood, face challenges including high temperature-induced cracking, uneven drying, and the use of toxic chemicals, which affect the quality and environmental sustainability of the process.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a combined drying and curing chamber with real-time monitoring and control of temperature, pressure, and chemical composition to optimize processing conditions for each batch of wood, allowing for dynamic adjustment based on wood species and dimensional parameters to achieve uniform treatment and reduced environmental impact.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If traditional kiln drying is used after furan polymer formation, then moisture removal is achieved, but high temperatures induce tensile strain leading to cracking and deformation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture contentVSAvoiddimensional stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by implementing a controlled drying process that gradually adjusts temperature and humidity parameters. The drying occurs in stages with increasing temperature (e.g., 20°C to 60°C to 100°C) and decreasing humidity, allowing the wood to adapt and polymerize progressively without sudden thermal shock that would cause cracking or deformation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies preliminary action by initiating furan polymer formation before the final drying stage. The impregnated wood is allowed to polymerize in situ during the drying process, with the polymerization catalyst activated at controlled temperatures. This preliminary polymerization strengthens the wood structure before complete moisture removal, preventing cracking during subsequent drying.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Stability of the object's composition

If high temperature heat treatment is applied to improve dimensional stability, then dimensional stability increases by 50-90%, but bending strength is reduced by 30%

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedimensional stabilityVSAvoidbending strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by using moderate temperature ranges (20°C to 100°C) combined with chemical impregnation (furan polymers and crosslinking agents). This alternative parameter combination achieves dimensional stability improvement without subjecting the wood to high temperatures (180°C+) that would cause strength reduction, thus resolving the contradiction between dimensional stability and bending strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies composite materials by impregnating wood with furan polymers and crosslinking agents that form a composite structure within the wood cell walls. This chemical reinforcement provides dimensional stability through polymer network formation rather than thermal treatment, preserving the wood's natural strength properties while achieving the desired stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Stability of the object's composition

If chemical impregnation with furan polymers is performed, then dimensional stability and durability are improved, but toxic chemicals and complex resinmaking are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedimensional stabilityVSAvoidtoxic chemicals
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by using food-grade or cosmetic-grade alcohols (such as furfuryl alcohol, pentofuraninol, hexofuraninol) as impregnation agents instead of toxic chemicals. These safe alcohols can be polymerized in situ using mild catalysts and controlled temperature parameters to form protective polymers within the wood, achieving dimensional stability and durability without introducing harmful substances.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies this principle by using readily available, inexpensive alcohols that can be completely polymerized and crosslinked within the wood structure. The unreacted monomers and solvents are fully evaporated during the controlled drying process, leaving no toxic residues. This replaces complex resinmaking with simple, safe, and economical materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the homogeneity and quality of treated wood by controlling moisture content and processing conditions, reducing energy consumption, and enabling the reuse of monomers, thereby improving the efficiency and sustainability of the furfurylation process.

Implementation Method 1

drying and curing chamber with real-time monitoring and control of temperature, pressure, and chemical composition to optimize processing conditions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 2

monitoring: a) an environment of a combined drying and curing chamber to determine changes in chemical out-gasing in that environment or water released from impregnated wood

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas detection:

Implementation Method 3

production of furan polymer modified wood... the formation of the furan polymer in the wood tissue

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolymerization: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentEP2435223B1Apparatus and operating systems for manufacturing impregnated wood
Publication Date: 2018.08.29 KEBONY ASA
  • EP2435223B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2435223B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2435223B1 patent drawingFigure 3a

AI summary

Furfurylated wood (314) is produced in a two-chamber system in which monomer/oligomer impregnation (300) in an impregnation chamber (12) is followed by successive stages of drying (400) and curing (428) in a dedicated drying and curing chamber (204) initially set to dry impregnated wood (typically at a reduced pressure) and then to cure the at least partially dried, impregnated wood. Physical properties of wood under treatment are measured (412, 414, 434, 436), recorded (306, 342) and referenced (310, 342, 418, 450) into a database (34) that accumulates wood species data relating to applied temperature and pressure profiles, physical properties and appearance of intermediate and finished samples of wood and also chemical treatment regimes, including soak time and monomer/oligomer concentrations. During drying and curing, monitoring (430-436) of process parameters, including water removal and/or atmospheric conditions, are used by a controller (32) both to control and determine a state of process completion by comparing recorded data with historically accumulated data or process set point conditions. Physical and/or chemical attributes of finally processed wood (314) are used in an automated control loop to modify (456), reactively or in real time, applied treatment regimes (314, 404) for specific wood species and wood profiles.