Electronic Fuse Driver Interface for Loss-of-Ground Protection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electronic fuse driver circuits fail to protect test loads during loss of ground conditions, leading to potential damage due to excessive current flow and power dissipation, as they cannot ensure the gate voltage of the MOSFET remains below the driver's ground voltage.

Innovation Solution

An interface circuit is introduced between the driver and the electronic fuse, incorporating a switch and resistor network to couple the control input to the test load ground, ensuring the fuse blocks current flow during loss of ground events, and a diode to manage current direction, allowing for reverse polarity testing without additional control signals.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If a push-pull driver is used to drive the MOSFET gate, then the driver is highly efficient and low-cost, but the driver cannot produce a gate voltage below ground voltage, causing inadequate protection during loss of ground conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedriver cost and complexityVSAvoidprotection reliability under loss of ground conditions
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

An interface circuit is introduced as an intermediary between the push-pull driver and the MOSFET gate. This interface includes a switch that couples the control input to the test load ground, enabling the gate voltage to be pulled below ground potential when needed for loss of ground protection, while the simple push-pull driver maintains its cost-effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If additional interface circuitry is added to enable loss of ground protection, then protection reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprotection reliability under loss of ground conditionsVSAvoidinterface circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The interface circuit provides localized protection functionality only where needed - at the MOSFET gate control input. The switch is selectively activated only during loss of ground conditions, adding minimal complexity precisely where the protection function is required without complicating the entire driver system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The interface circuit automatically detects loss of ground conditions and activates the switch to pull the gate voltage below ground potential without requiring external control signals. The circuit self-regulates based on the voltage difference between driver ground and test load ground, eliminating the need for additional control logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Reliability

If the driver ground voltage differs from test load ground voltage, then the low-state gate voltage becomes insufficient to turn off the MOSFET, but adding complex control logic to detect and compensate for this increases device complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveMOSFET turn-off reliabilityVSAvoidcontrol logic complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The interface circuit continuously monitors the voltage difference between driver ground and test load ground and automatically activates the switch when a difference is detected, pulling the gate voltage below ground potential to ensure reliable MOSFET turn-off. This self-activating mechanism eliminates the need for complex control logic while ensuring the gate voltage is always sufficient to turn off the MOSFET under varying ground conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP4679712B1Electronic fuse driver interface
Publication Date: 2026.04.15 APTIV TECHNOLOGIES AG
  • EP4679712B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4679712B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4679712B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An interface between an electronic fuse and a driver of the electronic fuse is presented. The interface ensures that protection of a test load by the electronic fuse can be performed under loss of ground conditions, in which the ground of the driver differs from the test load ground. The interface can also ensure protection of the test load in reverse polarity conditions.