High-Voltage Fuse With Magnetic Arc Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional fuses for high-voltage vehicle batteries are bulky and inefficient in interrupting high currents due to the need for multiple constrictions to manage arcs, which complicates their design and increases size.
Innovation Solution
A compact fuse design featuring a fusible element with a separating ceramic element and a magnetic field generated by permanent magnets to control and extinguish arcs, allowing for a shorter arc path and improved mechanical stability by repelling or attracting the fusible element portions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple constrictions are used to manage arcs in high-voltage fuses, then arc interruption capability is improved, but fuse length and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
A magnetic field is introduced as an intermediary to act on the arc and fusible element portions. The magnetic field generates Lorentz forces that repel the first and second portions apart and attract the arc toward the separating element, enabling effective arc interruption without requiring multiple constrictions or increased fuse length.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical state and behavior of the arc and fusible element portions by applying a magnetic field. This alters the arc trajectory and the relative positions of the fusible element portions, achieving compact arc interruption through field-based parameter modification rather than structural elongation.
2Reliability
If multiple constrictions are used to manage arcs, then arc interruption capability is improved, but the number of components and design complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic field serves as a mediator that replaces the need for multiple constrictions. By introducing this field-based intermediary, the system achieves complex arc control functionality without increasing the number of physical constrictions or structural components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical approach of using multiple constrictions with a magnetic field-based system. The magnetic field generates forces that achieve arc interruption and fusible element separation without requiring multiple mechanical constrictions, thereby reducing device complexity.
3Reliability
If the fusible element is interrupted at multiple constrictions, then arc breaking is achieved, but the fuse requires greater length to accommodate multiple arcs
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic field acts as an intermediary force that enables arc breaking in a compact configuration. By generating Lorentz forces that repel the fusible element portions and guide the arc toward the separating element, the magnetic field achieves effective arc interruption without requiring the fuse to be elongated to accommodate multiple arc paths.
4Volume of moving object
If a compact fuse design is implemented, then space efficiency is improved, but arc interruption effectiveness may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic field serves as a compact intermediary that enables effective arc interruption within a small volume. By generating forces that actively manage arc behavior and fusible element separation, the magnetic field maintains high arc interruption effectiveness without requiring increased fuse volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The magnetic field changes the operational parameters of the arc and fusible element portions, enabling compact design. By altering the arc trajectory and relative positions through magnetic forces, the system achieves effective arc interruption in a compact configuration that would otherwise require larger dimensions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables a compact, cost-effective, and rapid arc interruption, reducing the number of constrictions needed and enhancing mechanical stability, suitable for high-energy arcs in high-voltage applications up to 1 kV and 10 kA currents.
Implementation Method 1
a magnetic field generated by permanent magnets to control and extinguish arcs
Implementation Method 2
allowing for a shorter arc path and improved mechanical stability by repelling or attracting the fusible element portions
Implementation Method 3
A compact fuse design featuring a fusible element with a separating ceramic element
Implementation Method 4
a fusible element (frequently made of copper) with cross-sectionally constricted portions. These cross-sectionally constricted portions or constrictions melt in the event of short-circuit currents
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a safety device (1), comprising: a fusible member (2) having a first segment (3), a second segment (4), and a connecting segment (5), which connects the first segment (3) to the second segment (4). The safety device (1) further comprises a separation element (6), configured to suppress a light arc between the first segment (3) and the second segment (4). The first segment (3) of the fusible member (2) extends along a first side of the separation element (6), the second segment (4) of the fusible member (2) extends along a second side of the separation element (6) located opposite the first side, and the connecting segment (5) of the fusible member (2) extends along a third side of the separation element. It is thus achieved that a light arc between the first segment (3) and the second segment (4) of the fusible member (2) cannot exist even if the spatial distance between the first and the second segment (3, 4) of the fusible member (2) is so minimal that it allows a skipping of a light arc.