Fuse Temperature Control via Current Regulation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing vehicle electrical architectures with protection devices require frequent replacement of melted thermal fuses, leading to high operational costs and inefficiencies, as they lack proactive temperature management and current control to prevent fuse overheating.

Innovation Solution

A method and device that periodically estimate the temperature of a protection fuse and control the current intensity using a PID regulator algorithm to maintain the temperature below the melting point, allowing the fuse to melt only in a degraded mode with a higher breaking current, thereby preventing damage and reducing the need for frequent replacements.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a protection fuse is used to detect overheating and trigger degraded mode, then battery protection is achieved, but the fuse requires frequent replacement and operational costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery protectionVSAvoidfuse replacement frequency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary temperature estimation and current control actions before the fuse reaches its melting point. By continuously monitoring and adjusting current based on estimated temperature, the system prevents overheating conditions that would cause fuse failure, thereby eliminating the need for frequent replacements while maintaining battery protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements a feedback loop where temperature estimation results are used to adjust current control in real-time. This closed-loop control prevents temperature from reaching levels that would melt the fuse, ensuring continuous operation without replacement while maintaining effective battery protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If a protection fuse with melting capability is used, then degraded mode protection is provided, but operational costs and maintenance requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedegraded mode protectionVSAvoidoperational and maintenance costs
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system takes preliminary action by estimating temperature and controlling current before thermal damage occurs. This preventive approach eliminates the need for costly fuse replacements and reduces maintenance requirements while maintaining the degraded mode protection function

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system replaces the mechanical thermal fuse melting mechanism with an electronic temperature estimation and current control system. This substitution eliminates the need for physical fuse replacement while maintaining protection functionality, thereby reducing operational and maintenance costs

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Duration of action of stationary object

If periodic temperature estimation and current control are implemented, then fuse temperature is maintained below melting point, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefuse operational lifespanVSAvoidtemperature control system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system replaces complex physical temperature monitoring and mechanical fuse operation with an electronic estimation algorithm that calculates temperature based on electrical parameters. This approach extends fuse lifespan while maintaining relatively simple system architecture through software-based temperature estimation rather than complex hardware monitoring

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively manages fuse temperature and current intensity, preventing overheating and extending the operational lifespan of the protection device, reducing maintenance and operational costs, while ensuring optimal fuse operation and vehicle performance.

Implementation Method 1

a step of measuring the intensity of the current flowing in said fuse, in particular of a strip of the fuse, and a step for calculating the temperature from the measured intensity and a data model relating temperatures to intensities relating to said fuse

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

control of an intensity of a useful current flowing in said fuse so that the estimated temperature remains below a melting temperature of said fuse

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal management through electrical resistance: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 3

a protection fuse capable of melting in a degraded operating mode during which a breaking current of an intensity greater than a threshold circulates in the architecture

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentEP3405968A1Method and device for protecting an electrical architecture
Publication Date: 2018.11.28 AMPERE SAS

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for protecting an electrical architecture (11) including a protective device (1) provided with a protective fuse (2) capable of melting in a deteriorated mode of operation during which a breaking current having an amperage greater than a threshold is flowing through the architecture (11), the method also comprising, in a nominal mode of operation, the following steps: periodically estimating (17) a temperature (Te) of said fuse (2); and controlling (23) an amperage (I) of a useful current flowing through said fuse (2) such that the estimated temperature (Te) remains below a melting temperature (Tf) of said fuse (2).