Fused Ring Indeno Compounds for Photochromic Synthesis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for synthesizing fused ring indeno compounds, used as intermediates for photochromic materials, are limited by the types of groups that can be introduced at specific ring positions, leading to reduced product yields and higher costs, particularly for photochromic indeno-fused naphthopyrans.
Innovation Solution
Development of a fused ring indeno compound represented by Formula (I-A), which allows for the introduction of various groups at different ring positions through a specific synthetic scheme, enabling the preparation of photochromic compounds with enhanced flexibility and reduced costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the Stobbe reaction route is used to synthesize fused ring indeno compounds, then the basic synthesis can be achieved, but the types of groups that can be introduced at specific ring positions are limited and product yields are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the synthetic route from the traditional Stobbe reaction to a new methodology that uses different reaction parameters and conditions, enabling the introduction of diverse groups at ring positions while maintaining or improving product yields. This parameter change in the synthesis approach resolves the contradiction between versatility and productivity.
2Adaptability or versatility
If additional synthetic steps are taken to introduce groups at various ring positions, then group diversity can be achieved, but synthesis costs increase due to additional isolation steps
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates group introduction capabilities directly into the main synthetic pathway, performing the group introduction action preliminarily during the core synthesis steps rather than requiring separate additional steps. This preliminary action eliminates the need for extra isolation steps, thereby reducing synthesis costs while maintaining group diversity capability.
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional synthesis methods are used for photochromic indeno-fused naphthopyrans, then synthesis can be performed, but the cost is expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a new synthetic pathway that replicates the desired photochromic indeno-fused naphthopyrans through an alternative route, copying the final product structure but achieving it through different, more cost-effective intermediate steps. This copying approach maintains product quality while reducing synthesis costs.
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to intermediate compounds represented by the following Formula (l-A), The intermediate compounds of the present invention, such as represented by Formula (I-A), can be used to prepare photochromic compounds, such as photochromic fused ring indenopyran compounds, including but not limited to photochromic fused ring indeno-naphtho-pyran compounds.