Fusion Peptide Biomarker Detection via FP-MRM Mass Spectrometry
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biomarkers for cancer diagnosis lack specificity and sensitivity, making early detection challenging, and there is a need for novel biomarkers that can accurately identify cancer at an early stage.
Innovation Solution
The development of fusion peptide multiple reaction monitoring (FP-MRM) mass spectrometry (MS) for detecting specific fusion peptides resulting from chromosomal translocations, which are unique to certain cancer subtypes, allowing for sensitive and specific detection of cancer biomarkers like NPM-ALK in anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional biomarkers are used for cancer diagnosis, then diagnosis can be performed, but specificity and sensitivity are inadequate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and focuses on fusion peptides resulting from chromosomal translocations as specific biomarkers. By isolating these unique peptide sequences that are characteristic of specific cancer subtypes, the method achieves high specificity and sensitivity for cancer diagnosis, overcoming the limitations of conventional biomarkers that lack adequate diagnostic accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If fusion peptide detection methods are developed, then sensitivity and specificity improve, but detection complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs stable isotope-labeled peptide standards as intermediaries in the mass spectrometry detection process. These labeled standards serve as references to identify and quantify fusion peptides through multiple reaction monitoring, enabling sensitive and specific detection while providing a systematic approach to manage the complexity of the detection method.
3Loss of time
If early detection is achieved with novel biomarkers, then prognosis improves, but validation requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary validation by detecting fusion peptides in cell lines with known translocation status and clinical samples before applying the method to diagnostic purposes. This preliminary characterization ensures accuracy and reliability of the biomarker detection, establishing the foundation for reliable early detection in clinical practice.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
FP-MRM-MS enables the accurate detection and quantification of fusion peptides at low levels, providing high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing cancer, with 100% specificity and no false positives or negatives in clinical samples, suitable for early detection and monitoring of tumor cells.
Implementation Method 1
fusion peptide multiple reaction monitoring (FP-MRM) mass spectrometry (MS)
Implementation Method 2
multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) via mass spectrometry
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides fusion proteins as biomarkers specific for chromosomal translocation-based conditions (e.g., cancer), related methods for detecting fusion protein biomarkers associated with chromosomal translocation-based conditions, related methods for quantifying amount of fusion protein expression, and related methods for diagnosing chromosomal translocation-based conditions through detection of such fusion protein biomarkers. Such fusion protein biomarkers and related methods additionally find use in research settings.