Fusion Reactor Tritium Breeding Blanket Optimization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current tritium breeding ratio optimization methods for fusion reactors face challenges such as strong neutron interference, statistical fluctuations in Monte Carlo codes, and inefficiencies in two-step 'local to global' optimization approaches, leading to suboptimal results and high computational costs.

Innovation Solution

A computer-implemented method using neutronics perturbation calculations and simulated annealing to optimize the global tritium breeding ratio by adjusting internal layout, material, and geometric parameters of tritium breeding blanket modules, reducing computational burden and improving accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If two-step local to global optimization method is used, then optimization process is simplified, but optimization accuracy decreases and local interference is not considered

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptimization process complexityVSAvoidglobal TBR optimization accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional two-step optimization approach by implementing a direct global optimization method that considers all blanket modules simultaneously. Instead of optimizing local modules first and then combining them, the invention optimizes the global TBR directly by adjusting neutron source distributions and material compositions across all modules together, thereby achieving both simplified process and high accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a unified optimization framework that handles both local and global optimization objectives simultaneously. The method uses a universal objective function that incorporates TBR contributions from all blanket modules while accounting for neutron interference effects, allowing a single optimization process to achieve global optimality rather than requiring separate local and global steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If Monte Carlo codes are used for neutronics calculation, then calculation accuracy is improved, but statistical fluctuations increase and computational cost rises

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveneutronics calculation accuracyVSAvoidoptimization efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary determination of optimal neutron source distributions and material compositions before conducting detailed Monte Carlo calculations. By pre-establishing optimized configurations through analytical or simplified numerical methods, the invention reduces the number of expensive Monte Carlo simulations needed for final verification, thereby maintaining accuracy while improving optimization efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses simplified models or surrogate representations of the complex neutronics system to guide the optimization process. These simplified models capture the essential physics and geometry characteristics, allowing rapid evaluation of design options without requiring full Monte Carlo simulations for every design point, thus improving computational efficiency while maintaining sufficient accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Productivity

If local module optimization is performed independently, then calculation efficiency is improved, but neutron interference between modules is ignored leading to suboptimal global results

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptimization calculation efficiencyVSAvoidglobal TBR performance
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the optimization of all blanket modules into a single integrated process. By combining the objective functions and constraints of individual modules into a unified global optimization framework, the invention ensures that neutron interference effects between modules are properly accounted for while maintaining computational efficiency through systematic formulation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP4174874B1Computer-implemented method for optimizing global tritium breeding ratio of a tritium breeding blanket in a fusion reactor
Publication Date: 2024.07.10 SOUTHWESTERN INST OF PHYSICS
  • EP4174874B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4174874B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4174874B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed are a method, a device for optimizing the global tritium breeding ratio of a fusion reactor, a computer device, and a computer-readable storage medium. The method comprises: performing 3D neutronics transport calculation based on the initial scheme of tritium breeding blankets of a fusion reactor and performing the first-order and the second-order perturbation calculations for each geometrical boundary and each density of each function region, so as to obtain the local tritium breeding ratios in each energy group of each tritium breeding region in each perturbation state of the initial scheme; calculating the first-order and the second-order perturbation coefficients in each energy group of each tritium breeding region of each perturbation states based on the local tritium breeding ratios; and constructing a multi-dimensional second-order analytic function illustrating the relationship of the global tritium breeding ratio and the boundary and the density disturbance of each function region based on the perturbation coefficients ; performing an optimization for the global tritium breeding ratio based on the simulated annealing algorithm within an effective range of the perturbation calculations; repeating the above steps until convergence occurs, so as to obtain the global optimal blankets scheme of the fusion reactor with the best tritium breeding performance.