Gallium Arsenide Substrate Surface Oxidation for Uniform Epitaxy

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional processes for producing gallium arsenide substrates do not consistently achieve the required layer quality and defect densities necessary for reliable epitaxial production, leading to inconsistencies in the quality of subsequent semiconductor components.

Innovation Solution

A process involving dry oxidation treatment with UV radiation or ozone gas, followed by contact with a liquid medium and Marangoni drying, is used to create a homogeneous surface oxide layer on gallium arsenide substrates, ensuring controlled thermal desorption and reducing surface roughness and defects.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional wet chemical cleaning processes are used, then particle and impurity removal is achieved, but surface homogeneity deteriorates due to non-uniform oxide formation and inconsistent thermal desorption

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelayer quality consistencyVSAvoidsurface homogeneity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs UV radiation and ozone gas as strong oxidizing agents to form a uniform oxide layer on the GaAs substrate surface. This accelerated oxidation process ensures homogeneous oxide distribution across the entire surface, which subsequently enables consistent thermal desorption behavior and improves both surface homogeneity and layer quality reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #38Strong oxidants (Accelerated oxidation)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces conventional mechanical/wet chemical cleaning methods with a photochemical oxidation approach using UV radiation. This substitution eliminates the non-uniform oxide formation associated with wet chemical processes, achieving superior surface homogeneity while maintaining effective particle and impurity removal

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If thermal desorption is performed to remove surface oxides, then oxide removal is achieved, but surface roughness increases leading to higher defect densities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoxide removal effectivenessVSAvoidsurface roughness
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

By using UV radiation and ozone to create a homogeneous oxide layer with uniform thickness and composition, the subsequent thermal desorption process removes oxides consistently across the surface. This uniform oxide structure prevents localized roughening and defect formation, achieving effective oxide removal while maintaining surface smoothness

Inventive Principle:
Principle #38Strong oxidants (Accelerated oxidation)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent controls the oxidation parameters (UV intensity, ozone concentration, exposure time) to optimize oxide layer formation. By adjusting these parameters, a controlled oxide thickness is achieved that desorbs uniformly during thermal treatment, minimizing surface roughness increase while ensuring complete oxide removal

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If wet chemical treatment is applied to the whole surface, then cleaning coverage is improved, but process homogeneity deteriorates due to varying local conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface coverageVSAvoidprocess homogeneity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces wet chemical treatment with UV radiation and ozone gas phase oxidation. This photochemical approach provides uniform energy distribution across the entire substrate surface, ensuring homogeneous oxide formation and consistent cleaning effectiveness without the local variation problems inherent in liquid-phase processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The use of UV radiation and ozone creates a highly reactive oxygen environment that uniformly oxidizes the GaAs surface. This accelerated oxidation process achieves complete surface coverage with homogeneous oxide formation, eliminating the non-uniformity issues associated with conventional wet chemical methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #38Strong oxidants (Accelerated oxidation)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach results in substrates with improved surface homogeneity and reduced defects, enabling high-quality epitaxial growth with increased yield and reproducibility, suitable for producing semiconductor and optoelectronic components.

Implementation Method 1

oxidation treatment of at least one surface of the gallium arsenide substrate in dry condition by means of UV radiation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhoto-oxidation: Photo-oxidation

Implementation Method 2

oxidation treatment of at least one surface of the gallium arsenide substrate in dry condition by means of UV radiation and/or ozone gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Implementation Method 3

The wet chemical cleaning of wafers is typically performed in successive liquid baths... comprises a sequence of acidic and alkaline wet steps

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical dissolution:

Implementation Method 4

Marangoni drying of the gallium arsenide substrate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMarangoni effect: Marangoni Effect

Implementation Method 5

the possibility for the later thermal desorption of surface layers (e.g. oxides) immediately before the start of the epitaxial processes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal desorption: Desorption

Data Source

PatentEP3358601B1Gallium arsenide substrate and process for characterizing its surface
Publication Date: 2024.11.06 FREIBERGER COMPOUND MATERIALS GMBH
  • EP3358601B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3358601B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3358601B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a novel process for producing a surface-treated gallium arsenide substrate as well as novel provided gallium arsenide substrates as such as well as the use thereof. The improvement of the process according to the invention is based on a particular final surface treatment with an oxidation treatment of at least one surface of the gallium arsenide substrate in dry condition by means of UV radiation and/or ozone gas, a contacting of the at least one surface of the gallium arsenide substrate with at least one liquid medium and a Marangoni drying of the gallium arsenide substrate. The gallium arsenide substrates provided according to the invention exhibit a so far not obtained surface quality, in particular a homogeneity of surface properties, which is detectable by means of optical surface analyzers, specifically by means of ellipsometric lateral substrate mapping for the optical contact-free quantitative characterization.